考研英语知识运用有什么常用词汇？

考研英语写作热点词汇及句型

一、热点词汇

welfare n.福利、幸福 security n.安全 punishment n.惩罚 dishonest adj.不诚实的

goal n.目的、目标 benefit: n.利益，好处 viewpoint: n.观点 quality: n.质量、品质

healthy development: n.健康成长 population explosion: n.人口爆炸 utilize: vt.利用

traditional virtue: n.传统美德 competition: n.竞争 knowledge: n.知识 skill: n.技能

advantage: n.优势 cooperation: n.合作 sympathy: n.同情 false: adj.错误的、虚假的

attract: vt..吸引 influence: n.影响 impact: n. 影响 technology: n.技术

education: n.教育 experience: n.经验 fund: n.资金 blueprint: n.蓝图、计划

purpose: n.目的、意图 resource: n.资源 environment: n.环境 wildlife: n.野生动植物

appearance: n.外表 inner quality: n.内在品质 material wealth: n.物质财富 moral standards: n.道德标准

behavior: n.行为 responsibility: n.责任 privacy: n.隐私 equipment: n.设备

foothold: n.立足处 difficulty: n.困难 challenge: n.挑战 psychological: adj.心理上的

defeat: n.失败 victory: n.胜利 courage: n.勇气 determination: n.决心

persistence: n.坚持 effort: n.努力 confidence: n.自信 fake and inferior: n.假冒伪略产品

misconception: n.误解 nourishment: n.营养品 pressure: n.压力 diligent: n.勤勉的

二、热点句型

1.If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions, you must work hard, exert efforts and get prepared. Otherwise, you will take no advantage of opportunities when they come to visit you.

如果你想取得成就或实现你的雄心壮志，就必须努力工作，艰苦奋斗，作好准备。负责，即使机遇来临你也无法利用。

2.Today an increasing number of people have realized that legal education is of great importance. In order to keep public order, everyone of us is supposed to get legal education.

现在，愈来愈多的人认识到了法制教育的重要性。为了海文考研钻石卡维护公共秩序，我们每个人都应接受法制教育。

3.Many things contribute to success. Of all these factors, willpower, courage, and confidence are the most important.

能否获得成功取决于许多因素，最重要的是坚强的意志、勇气和自信。

4.The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.

最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。

5.To survive and succeed in the 21st century, the cross-century talents should have good education backgrounds. 要在21世纪里不被淘汰且有所成就，垮世纪人才应该是受过良好教育的人。

6. Computers are playing a very important role in our life. With the help of computers, workers can produce more products, scientists can do research work more efficiently, and students can get information more quickly.

计算机在我们生活的各个方面都起着重要作用。有了计算机的帮助，工人可以生产更多的产品，科学家可以更高效地做研究，学生可以更快的查到信息。

7.An investigation shows that female workers tend to have favorable attitude toward retirement.

一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。

8.At the same time, young people should be encouraged to communicate with their peers and develop their interpersonal skills, which may help them greatly to reduce dependence on their parents and are essential in maintenance of healthy mental condition.

同时，应鼓励年轻人和他们的同龄人交往，发展他们的交际能力，这将帮助他们极大地减少对父母的依赖并且保持健康的精神状态。

9.常用的写作句型套路：

1）定义法

Honesty refers to the quality of a person who tells the truth and works without cheating. Honesty is regarded as the most important virtue admired everywhere.

诚实指人们讲真话、在工作中不欺诈的品质。诚实被认为是2014考研无时无地都受到尊敬的美德。

2）对比法

Those who oppose this phenomenon argue that it brings a great burden and pressure to the family, and for students they cannot adapt to the new culture very quickly. But people who are in favor of such behavior maintain that children will be more competitive and well repaid in the future life. 反对这一现象的人认为它给家庭带来了巨大的负担和压力，对学生而言他们不能很快地适应新文化。但是赞成这一行为的人认为孩子在未来会更具有竞争力并得到回报。

3）There be 结构

There is no sense in leaving important decisions to inexperienced people.

把重要的决定留给没经验的人去做作是毫无道理的。

4）It结构

It is certain that fresh air and exercises are more valuable than medicine.

毫无疑问的是呼吸新鲜的空气和锻炼比吃药很可贵。

5）表示结果

Too much work and too little rest may lead to loss of heath.

过度工作，极少休息会损害健康。

6）表条件

Without a degree and with no experience in teaching, her chance of getting the job is slim.

没有文凭，没有教学经验，她得到这份工作的机会微乎其微。

10.Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in the job market.

成千上万的人们不得不花费更多的精力和时间学习新的技术和大学考研知识，以使自己在就业市场保持优势。

词汇是英语知识运用测试的重点和难点，大约占题目的60%--70%，在考研大纲要求考生掌握的5500个词汇及相关词组中，用来考完形填空的大约有1500～1600个。这些词汇本身并不难，但词汇题的得分率普遍不高，原因之一在于考生没有注意全面把握这些词的各个含义或者没有准确把握其中近义词的细微差别。

1、abide, adhere, conform, comply“遵守”。

abide v.后接by表示“遵守，同意”。

I will abide by the director" decision.我将遵从主任的决定。

adhere v.后接to表示“遵守”。(当然adhere一词的其它意思如“坚持；粘附”也经常被考到。)

Car drivers must adhere to the rules of driving.汽车司机必须遵守驾驶规则。

conform v.后接to表示“遵守，符合”。

All individuals are required to conform to the laws made by their governments.每个人都应该遵守政府制订的法律。

comply v.后接with表示“遵守，服从”，用于正式心理学考研的场合。

Our company complies with governmental regulations on paying taxes.我们公司遵守政府有关纳税的规定。

2、abnormal, uncommon, disordered　“反常的”

abnormal a.不正常的，反常的(但并非罕见)，指行为或现象(如气候)的异常。

　　His body temperature has been abnormal for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade.他的体温三天来一直都不正常，最高的时候达到40.5摄氏度。(尽管身体发烧不正常，但生活中也时有发生。)

uncommon a.罕见的，不平常的，指很少经历或很少见到的状况；特别的，出色的。

Hurricanes are uncommon in England.飓风在英国非常罕见。

　　That is uncommon instant coffee; it tastes great! 那速溶咖啡质量上乘，味道好极了！

disordered a.混乱的，杂乱的；(精神或身体)有病的。

　　We couldn"t understand her disordered presentation.我们听不明白她条理不清的陈述。

3、abolish, cancel, eliminate, dispose, erase, exclude, extinguish　　都有“取消，除掉”的意思。

abolish v.指对法律、习俗、制度的废除；完全破坏。

　　The government abolished the tax on alcohol.政府取消了酒税。

cancel v.对预先安排的某种活动(如旅行、计划、会议等)的取消；删去(字、句)。

　　The meeting has been cancelled because of the flu.会议由于流感而取消了。

eliminate v.指消除、淘汰已经存在但是现在不需要的东旅游管理考研西。

　　The losing team was eliminated from further competition.失利的那个队被淘汰了，不能参加下一阶段的比赛。

　　The doctor helped him eliminate toxins from the intestine.医生帮助他排出肠中毒素。

dispose v.处理，处置；表示“除掉、扔掉”时常与of连用。(这一点需要注意。)

　　After your picnic, please dispose of the litter.野餐后请清除掉垃圾。

erase v.除去，擦掉，指有意识地除去字迹、声音等。

　　I erased the music on the tape before recording on the tape again.我在往磁带上录音之前先消掉了上面的音乐。

exclude v.排斥；排除，不包括在内，与include互为反义词。

　　The restaurant excludes anyone who is not properly dressed from entering.衣冠不整者不得进入该餐馆。

extinguish v.熄灭，扑灭(火)；使沉默，使暗淡。

　　Firefighters extinguished a big fire.消防队员扑灭了大火。

4、abstract, digest, outline, summary“要点，摘要”

abstract n.概要，摘要，尤其指对学术论文或法律论据作的简述。

I have read the abstract of his book.我已经读了他书的概要。

digest n. (篇幅较长的)摘要，文摘，它是对原文的浓缩而不是对原文的简单解释，浓缩后仍保持原文的顺序、重点和风格。

　　Reader"s Digest《读者文摘》

outline n.要点，大纲，概要。

　　She made an outline of ideas she wanted to present in her talk.她把自己要谈的想法列了一个提纲。

summary n.总结，摘要，指用寥寥数语概括文章或者讲话的要点，不考虑原文的风格。

5、absurd, ridiculous, silly都有“愚蠢，可笑”的意思。

absurd a.荒谬的，可笑的，指因不符合常识、违反真理或不合逻辑而令人发笑。

　　There was an absurd idea that the earth was flat and motionless.过去曾经有一种荒谬的观点认为地球呈扁平状而且静止不动。

ridiculous a.荒唐可笑的，指因为愚昧无知而令人发笑并成为笑柄教育学考研辅 导，含有蔑视成分。

　　It is ridiculous to judge a foreign culture only by its food.仅仅根据一个国家的饮食来评价该国家的文化是荒唐可笑的。

silly a.愚蠢的，傻的，指由于单纯或者头脑简单而显得愚蠢。

　　a silly little boy傻小子

6、abundant, plentiful这两个形容词都有“充足的”之意。

abundant a. (数量)充足的，常用于人、物产、资源、雨量等，含有“过多”之意。

　　Oil is in abundant supply in this country.这个国家石油供应十分充裕。

plentiful a.丰富的，充足的，常用于食物、收获、财产等，不能用于时间、空间、思想等方面。

　　Eggs are plentiful at this moment.现在鸡蛋很多。

7、accent, tone, dialect这三个名词意思相近，容易混淆。

accent n.口音，指某一地区语言的发音特征；重音。

　　He speaks English with a Spanish accent.他讲英语带有西班牙口音。

tone n.语气，音调，指说话人的口气或声音的高低、轻重等。

　　He speaks to his baby in soft tones.他用柔和的语调和他的婴儿说话。

dialect n.方言，土语，地方话，指一个地区人们所使用的语言。

the Yorkshire dialect约克郡方言the Sichuan dialect

8、access, assess　　这两个词为一组“形近易混词”。

access n.接近，进入。

　　The people living in these apartments have free access to that swimming pool.住在这些公寓里的人可以免费地进入游泳池。

assess v.评估(财产，价值)。

　　I assessed how much it would cost to build a new apartment.我评估了一下建一套新的公寓要多少钱。

9、accommodate, afford, furnish都有“提供”的意思。

accommodate v.提供住宿、房间；适应，迎合，迁就。

　　This hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.这家饭店可供500位来宾住宿。

　　The company accommodated the customer"s wish and sent the delivery overnight.公司满足了顾客的愿望，连夜将货物发了出去。

afford v.负担，支付；当“提供”讲时，多用于指抽象事物的提供。

　　We can"t afford that expensive sports car.我们买不起那辆昂贵的跑车。

　　The tall building affords a beautiful view of the ocean.从这幢高楼上可以看到大海的美丽景致。

furnish v.指提供生活或某种用途所需要的东西。

　　Reading furnishes the mind only with materials of knowledge, it is thinking that makes what we read ours.阅读虽然为我们的思想提供了各种知识，然而只有思考才能将我们读到的内容变成自己的东西。

10、accomplishment, attainment, achievement“成就”

accomplishment n.成功，成就；才艺，修养。

　　Climbing that high mountain was an accomplishment for the hikers.对于登山运动员来说，爬上了那座山就是成功。

　　Being able to paint well is just one of her accomplishments. 画画得好只是她的许多才能之一。

attainment n.指学识和造诣(常用作复数)；达到，到达。

　　a scholar of the highest attainments造诣极高的学者

achievement n.可指抽象的“成就”，或具体的“海文考研成绩”，与accomplishment是同义词。