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ing的用法

2023-07-11 08:46:13
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1、-ing分词的构成
-ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成.-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化,通常有下表几种形式(以do为例):
一般式 完成式
主动形式 doing 主动形式 having done
被动形式 being done 被动形式 having been done
-ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成.如:
Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait.
不知道他的地址,我只好在家里等着.
His not coming made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气.
2. -ing分词的一般式和完成式:
-ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作;完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作.如:
Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生,他对书本很感兴趣.
Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课,他考试不及格.
3. -ing分词的被动式:
-ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者.根据-ing分词动作发生的时间,-ing分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done).如:
The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要.
Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后,他把烟戒了.
注意:在need, want, require, be worth等动词(短语)后,作宾语的-ing分词常用主动形式来表示被动含义.如:
Your shoes need cleaning. = Your shoes need to be cleaned. 你的鞋需要清洗一下了.
This book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得一看.
4. -ing分词的语法作用
-ing分词一方面具有动词的性质,另一方面也相当于一个名词或形容词、副词,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等.
1)–ing分词(短语)作主语:
Laying eggs is the ant queen"s full-time job. 产卵是蚁后的专职工作.
Saying is easier than doing. 说比做容易.
在下面两种结构中,-ing分词也作主语.
①为了保持句子平衡,通常用作形式主语,而把真实主语放在句末.如:
It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的.
It"s a waste of time arguing about it. 辩论这事是浪费时间.
②在There is no结构中,通常用-ing分词.如:
There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑.
There is no holding back the wheel of history. 历史车轮不可阻挡.
2) -ing分词(短语)作表语:
His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是收集邮票.
The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑.
3) -ing分词作宾语:
①–ing分词作动词宾语.如:I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方法做这件事.
We enjoy attending Miss Li""s class. 我们喜欢听李老师的课.
②-ing分词作宾语也可用在复合宾语中作真正的宾语,而用it作形式宾语.如:
I don"t think it possible living in such a cold place. 我认为住在这么寒冷的地方是不可能的.
Do you consider it any good trying again? 你觉得再试一次会有好处吗?
③-ing分词作介词宾语,经常用在一些短语的后面.如:
I"m against inviting him to dinner. 我反对邀请他来吃饭.
They don"t feel like walking that much. 他们不喜欢走那么多路.
此类短语还有很多.如:look forward to(渴望,盼望), be proud of(以……自豪), be responsible for(对……负责), insist on(坚持), think of(考虑,想到), dream of(梦想), object to(反对,抗议), hear of(听说), prevent…from(防止,阻止), keep…from(防止,阻止), stop…from(防止,阻止), be engaged in(从事于), depend on(依靠,依赖), thank…for(因……而道谢), excuse…for(因……而道歉), aim at(目的在于), devote…to(献身于), set about(着手做), be/get used to(习惯于), be fond of(喜欢), be afraid of(害怕), be tired of(对……厌烦), succeed in(成功地做……), be interested in(对……感兴趣), be ashamed of(对……感到羞愧)等等.
注意:在有些句子中,介词常可省去.如:
I have no difficulty (in) communicating with foreigners. 我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么困难.
He used to spend a lot of time (in) playing games. 过去他常花很多时间玩游戏.
What can prevent us (from) getting married? 有什么能阻止我们结婚?
另外,-ing分词可以和一些介词如in, on, after, against, before, by, for, without, besides等构成短语,在句中作状语.如:
He left ahead of time without saying a word. 他一句话也没说就提前离开了.
Besides cooking and sewing, she had to take care of four children.
除了做饭和缝纫以外,她还要照顾四个孩子.
On hearing the news, all the pupils jumped with joy. 听到这个消息后,所有的学生都高兴得跳了起来.
4) -ing分词作定语:
①单个的分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面.如:
reading room 阅览室 swimming pool 游泳池 dining car 餐车
sleeping car 卧车 singing competition 歌咏比赛 waiting room 候车室
②-ing分词短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面,也相当于一个定语从句.如:
Who is the comrade standing by the door? 站在门边的同志是谁?
They lived in a house facing south. 他们住在一所朝南的房子里.
③–ing分词还可以作非限制性定语,相当于一个非限制性定语从句,常用逗号和句子其它部分分开.如:
The words, usually dealing with current work, were mostly written by himself.
歌词一般讲当前的工作,大部分是他自己写的.
When she appeared, John, wearing a dirty and worn-out overcoat, ran to her with joy. 当她出现的时候,约翰穿着一件又脏又破的大衣高兴地跑了过去.
5) -ing分词做状语:
-ing分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等.
①-ing分词短语作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时可由连词when, while引出.如:
While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一边看书,一边不时地点头.
Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画,他想起了她的童年.
②-ing分词短语作原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句.如:
Not knowing his address, I can"t send this book to him. 因为不知道他的地址,我不能把这本书送给他.
Many of us, being so excited, couldn"t go to sleep that night. 因为非常激动,那晚我们许多人都没睡着.
③–ing分词短语作结果状语.如:
His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父亲死了,留给他许多钱.
She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.
她非常生气,把玩具扔在地上,把它摔成了碎片.
④-ing分词作伴随状语,可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间,表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作.如:
They stood there for half an hour, watching the stars in the sky. 他们在那儿站了半小时,观察着天上的星星.
Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.
年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来.
⑤-ing分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语,相当于一个状语从句.如:
Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿损失.
注:-ing分词作状语时,它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语.
⑥“with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+-ing分词”结构在句中作状语,表示伴随情况或时间、原因等.如:
His hair became grey with the years passing. 随着时间的推移,他的头发变花白了.
Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 没人注意,他从窗户溜了出去.

6) -ing分词作补语:
①--ing分词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, look at, listen to, observe, have, get, leave, keep, set, catch, find等动词后面和一个名词或代词构成一个复合宾语,作宾语补语.如:
I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car.
我下车的时候注意到一个男人匆匆忙忙地从银行里跑出来.
Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food in the shop.
昨晚,店主在商店里抓到一个小孩在偷东西.
②上面这类句子也可变成被动语态,这时,-ing分词可看成是主语补语.如:
We were kept waiting for quite a long time. 让我们等了好长时间.
Lily was never heard singing that song again. 人们再也没有听到吉丽唱这首歌了.

5. -ing分词的复合结构:
-ing分词的复合结构通常由物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词所有格或者名词的普通格+-ing分词构成,在句子开头时必须用物主代词和名词所有格,通常在句中作主语和宾语.如:
His coming made us very happy. 他的到来使我们大家都很高.
He was awakened by someone"s knocking at the door. 他被某人的敲门声吵醒了.

6. –ing分词作主语和表语时与不定式的区别:
1)、-ing分词和动词不定式作主语和表语的主要区别在于:在表示比较抽象的一般的多次性行为时多用-ing分词;在表示具体的或一次性的动作,特别是将来的动作时,多用不定式.如:
Smoking is forbidden here. (泛指吸烟)这里禁止吸烟.
It"s not good for you to smoke so much. (指你吸烟)吸这么多烟对你的身体不好.
2). 高中阶段能接-ing分词作宾语的常见动词:
mind(介意), suggest(建议), enjoy(欣赏,), admit(承认), appreciate(感激,欣赏), avoid(避免), delay(推迟), dislike(不喜欢,厌恶), escape(逃脱), finish(完成), forgive(宽恕), imagine(想象), keep(保持), miss(错过), practise(训练), resist(抵抗,抵制), risk(冒险), deny(拒绝,否认), consider(考虑)等.

3). 有些动词既能接不定式,又能接-ing分词,含义有所不同.如:
①forget, remember, regret等词后面接不定式表示不定式动作后于谓语动作,而后接-ing分词作宾语表示分词动作先于谓语动作.如:
Do you remember seeing me before? 你记得以前见过我吗?
Remember to lock the door when you leave. 离开时要记得锁门.
②动词mean, stop, try, go on等动词后面接分词和接不定式作宾语,意思也有所不同.如:
I try not to think about that. 我尽量不去想那件事.
Would you please try doing that again? 请你再试一次好吗?
I mean to change it for another one. 我想换成另外一个.
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 误了这班车就意味着再等一个小时.
Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the next unit.
做完练习以后,我们继续学习下一单元的单词.

③动词allow, advise, forbid, permit等可直接跟-ing分词作宾语,不可以接动词不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾语补语.如:
Please permit me to say a few words. 请允许我说几句话.
We don"t permit smoking here. 我们这儿不允许吸烟.
④动词need, require, want作“需要”解时,后面接-ing分词或不定式的被动式.如:
The room wants cleaning/to be cleaned. 这个房间需要打扫.
These little children require looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully.
这些小孩需要细心地照料.
⑤动词like, hate, prefer等后面,如表示一般性动作,多用-ing分词;如指特定的具体的某次动作,多用不定式.如:
I like swimming, but I don"t like to swim with you. 我喜欢游泳,但我不喜欢和你一起游泳.
I prefer walking to school every day. 我情愿每天步行去学校.
I prefer to stay at home today. 今天我情愿呆在家里.
⑥动词begin, start后面,如表示有意识地开始做某事,常用-ing分词,否则用不定式更多一些.如:
We began to do that job last year. 我们去年开始做那工作的.
They started talking about the film at once. 他们立刻开始谈论那部电影.
注:下面几种情况多用不定式作宾语:
a. 当start, begin本身用于进行时态时.
When the teacher came into the room, he was starting to write to his parents.
老师走进教室的时候,他正开始写信给他的父母亲.
b. 当start, begin后接表示心理活动的动词时.
Hearing the news, he started to think of a good way to solve the problem.
一听到消息,他就开始考虑一个好办法来解决这个问题.
c. 当句子的主语是无生命的东西时.
We were about to leave when it began to rain. 我们正准备离开,天开始下雨了.
7. -ing分词作表语的两种不同含义:
①-ing分词作表语可以表示主语的内容是什么.如:
Their job is building houses. 他们的工作是盖房子.
The real question is getting to know the needs of the people. 真正的问题是了解人民的需要.
②-ing分词作表语还可以表示主语所具有的特征.如:
This story is very interesting. 这故事很有趣.
The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑.
①–ing分词作定语可用来说明被修饰的名词的用途和性能.如:
reading material 阅读材料 walking stick 手杖 fishing pole 鱼杆
flying suit 飞行服 writing table 写字台 listening practice 听力训练
②-ing分词作定语还可以表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态,在意思上接近一个定语从句,可以表示正在进行的动作,也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态.如:
developing countries = countries that are developing 发展中国家
a growing city = a city that is growing 发展着的城市

8. 不定式和-ing分词作宾语补语的区别:
在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后,既可用-ing分词构成复合宾语,也可用不定式构成复合宾语,两者之间有一定的区别.用-ing分词时,表示动作正在进行;用不定式时,表示动作发生了,即动作的全过程结束了.如:
Do you hear someone knocking at the door? (Someone is knocking at the door.) 有人在敲门你听见了吗?
Do you hear someone knock at the door? (Someone knocked at the door just now.) 你听见有人敲门了吗?

9. 高中阶段常见的带介词to的短语,后接-ing分词或名词.如:
admit to(承认), contribute to(捐助、贡献), get down to(着手做), give way to(让位于),keep to (坚持、遵守), lead to (导致),look forward to(期待), take to(从事), turn to (求助于), stick to(忠于、坚持), point to(指向、表明), see to (注意、处理), be used to (习惯于), devote oneself to (献身于), be equal to (胜任的、等于), be familiar to (为……熟悉).
高中阶段有一些固定的-ing分词短语,如generally speaking(一般来说), judging from…(根据……来判断), considering…(考虑到……), talking of…(谈到……,提到……), supposing…(假如……)等,它们的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致.这种短语可以被称之为句子的状语,也可当作一个插入语.如:
Judging from his accent, he must come from Canada. 从他的口音看他一定来自加拿大.
Considering how poor he was, we decided to let him attend the concert for free.
考虑到他是多么的穷,我们决定让他免费听音乐会.

deny的用法和短语例句

  deny有否认;拒绝承认;拒绝给予;自制等意思,那么你知道deny的用法吗?下面跟着我一起来学习一下,希望对大家的学习有所帮助!    deny的用法:   deny的用法1:deny的基本意思是“否认知情”“否定”,即认为某事不真实、站不住脚、不值得考虑或与事实不符。引申可作“拒绝,谢绝”解。   deny的用法2:deny是及物动词,作“否认”解时,可接名词、代词、动名词或that从句作宾语,但一般不接动词不定式作宾语。引申作“拒绝给予”解时,可接双宾语,其间接宾语可转化为介词to的宾语。   deny的用法3:deny接反身代词作宾语时,意为“舍弃”。   deny的用法4:当deny的宾语是完成体的动名词短语时,它所表达的动作总是先于谓语动词的动作,即相当于一个完成体的that从句。例如:James denied having broken the window.= James denied that he had broke the window.詹姆斯不承认打碎过窗户。类似的动词还有:forget, recall, regret, remember等。   deny的用法5:deny是及物动词,其后必须跟宾语。   deny的用法6:表示“某人拒绝做某事”,不用deny,而要用refuse to do sth; 当否定回答不属指控性质的普通问句时,也不用deny,而用say no来表示。    deny的常用短语:   deny oneself (v.+pron.)   节俭自己的(开销等) be unselfish, especially in not having sth   deny to (v.+prep.)   对(某人)否认(某事) state that (sth) is not true to (sb)   deny to sb that-clause   拒绝让(某人)得到 refuse to allow (sth) to given to (sb)   deny sth to sb   用于 be ~ed 结构    deny的用法例句:   1. They appeared at court yesterday to deny charges of murder.   他们昨天出庭,否认谋杀的指控。   2. I would not want to deny them a harmless pleasure.   我不想剥夺他们这点无伤大雅的乐趣。   3. Who can deny his stature as the world"s greatest cellist?   谁能否认他是世界上最伟大的大提琴演奏家呢?   4. He tried to deny it. Shame on him!   他还想抵赖,真不害臊!   5. They totally and categorically deny the charges.   他们彻底而又坚决地否认了那些指控。   6. Don"t deny yourself pleasure.   不要有乐不享。   7. The White House was swift to deny the rumours.   白宫立刻对这些传言予以否认。   8. It is absurd that they ( should ) deny my request.   他们拒绝我的要求是荒.唐的.   9. Jack had the hardihood to deny what he has done.   杰克厚颜地否认了自己所干的事.   10. They falsify or deny whatever doesn"t suit their books.   他们篡改或者否定任何不符合他们意见的东西.   11. He had the hardihood to deny the fact.   他胆敢否认事实.   12. Both women vehemently deny the charges against them.   两名妇女都激烈地否认了对她们的指控.   13. Don"t imagine you can deny that.   你休想低赖.   14. He didn"t deny the facts.   他没有否认这些事实.   15. He has the confidence to deny it.   他竟有胆量否认它.
2023-07-11 05:49:081

deny的用法与搭配

2023-07-11 05:49:151

denied后跟什么句型?

deny的意思vt. 拒绝;拒绝承认;拒绝…占有;否认知情deny的用法1. deny是及物动词,其现在分词/过去式/过去分词形式为:denying/denied/denied.2. 中学阶段一般只要求掌握它三种用法:1)vt.否定/否认,结构是:deny sth;deny doing sth = deny having done sth如:He denied the signature.他否认这是他的签名。He denied knowing anything about their plans. = He denied having known anything about their plans. 他否认知悉他们的计划。2)拒绝给予 = refuse to give,结构是:deny sb sth = deny sth to sbHe denied the money to his son.= He denied his sone the money.他拒绝给儿子钱。3)vt.抛弃/背弃 He has denied his party and his principles.他背弃了他的党和他的原则。deny的用法例句1. They appeared at court yesterday to deny charges of murder.他们昨天出庭,否认谋杀的指控。2. I would not want to deny them a harmless pleasure.我不想剥夺他们这点无伤大雅的乐趣。3. Who can deny his stature as the world"s greatest cellist?谁能否认他是世界上最伟大的大提琴演奏家呢?4. He tried to deny it. Shame on him!他还想抵赖,真不害臊!5. They totally and categorically deny the charges.他们彻底而又坚决地否认了那些指控。6. Don"t deny yourself pleasure.不要有乐不享。
2023-07-11 05:49:232

deny的短语_deny的知识

deny表拒绝; 拒绝承认的意思,那么你知道deny的 短语 有哪些吗?下面是我为大家整理的关于deny的短语_deny的知识,希望对您有所帮助。欢迎大家阅读参考学习! 目录 deny的短语 deny同义词辨析 deny的短语例句 deny的短语 deny to (v.+prep.) 1.对(某人)否认(某事) state that (sth) is not true to (sb) The prisoner denied to the police that he had taken part in the robbery.该犯向警方否认他参与了这起抢劫案。 2.拒绝让(某人)得到 refuse to allow (sth) to given to (sb) 〔说明〕 deny to常不用于进行体。 The university rules deny entry to large numbers of clever students.大学的种种规定把很多聪明的学生拒于校门之外。 deny oneself (v.+pron.) 节俭自己的(开销等) be unselfish, especially in not having sth By denying herself,Mother gave the children a good education.母亲省吃俭用,才使孩子们受到了良好的 教育 。 <<< deny 同义词 辨析 contradict, deny, oppose, refute 这些动词都含"否定,否认,反驳,反对"之意。 contradict : 指肯定地否认、反对或反驳某事,坚持相反的意见。 deny : 普通用词,侧重否认意见或言论的真实性,尤指否定他人的指控或责难。 oppose : 普通的广泛用词。指不作争论或不提出论据而无理由地反对;也指任何温和、有理由的反对或否定。 refute : 语气较强,强调凭推理或证据驳斥一项主张或言论。 refuse, decline, reject, repel, deny 这些动词均含"拒绝"之意。 refuse : 语气较重,指态度坚决,肯定无疑的拒绝。 decline : 指婉言谢绝他人的帮助或邀请等。 reject : 多指由于某物某事某行为不能让人满意而被当面直截了当地拒绝。 repel : 作"拒绝"解时,语气比reject强。 deny : 指坚决地拒绝接受、给予或承认。 <<< deny的短语例句 1. They appeared at court yesterday to deny charges of murder. 他们昨天出庭,否认谋杀的指控。 2. I would not want to deny them a harmless pleasure. 我不想剥夺他们这点无伤大雅的乐趣。 3. Who can deny his stature as the world"s greatest cellist? 谁能否认他是世界上最伟大的大提琴演奏家呢? 4. He tried to deny it. Shame on him! 他还想抵赖,真不害臊! 5. They totally and categorically deny the charges. 他们彻底而又坚决地否认了那些指控。 6. Don"t deny yourself pleasure. 不要有乐不享。 7. The White House was swift to deny the rumours. 白宫立刻对这些传言予以否认。 8. It is absurd that they ( should ) deny my request. 他们拒绝我的要求是荒.唐的. 9. Jack had the hardihood to deny what he has done. 杰克厚颜地否认了自己所干的事. 10. They falsify or deny whatever doesn"t suit their books. 他们篡改或者否定任何不符合他们意见的东西. 11. He had the hardihood to deny the fact. 他胆敢否认事实. 12. Both women vehemently deny the charges against them. 两名妇女都激烈地否认了对她们的指控. 13. Don"t imagine you can deny that. 你休想低赖. 14. He didn"t deny the facts. 他没有否认这些事实. 15. He has the confidence to deny it. 他竟有胆量否认它. <<< deny的短语相关 文章 : ★ deny的短语 ★ 《deny的过去式和用法例句.doc》 ★ deny是什么意思 ★ deny的近义词辨析 ★ Deny/refuse与“拒绝”的用法 ★ deny的用法和短语例句 ★ deny的过去式和用法例句 ★ degree的用法和短语例句 ★ 高二英语学考必考知识点 var _hmt = _hmt || []; (function() { var hm = document.createElement("script"); hm.src = "https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?a4b756339138199b385b89eb6d5bb4e2"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s); })();
2023-07-11 05:49:301

deny可以不及物吗

我赞一楼的观点
2023-07-11 05:49:404

denied后面接啥

后面接permissiondenied permission
2023-07-11 05:49:483

英语中拒绝的词区别refuse,deny

A
2023-07-11 05:49:572

单词refuse 与 deny用法的区别?

refuse的意思有——垃圾,废物,不愿,拒绝,抵制.The little boy refused to go to school.这个小男孩不肯去上学.He can"t refuse her anything.她要什么他都不能不给.deny的意思是——否定,否认;拒绝给予;拒绝…的要...
2023-07-11 05:50:053

deny和defy 的区别

deny主要是否认某事,拒绝接受某事,不准某人获得某物做某事啦一类的。to deny sth, to deny doing, to deny that. to deny sth to sb, to deny sb sth. defy有藐视,公然违抗的意思。defy sb to do sth是向某人挑战,使某事不可能的意思。
2023-07-11 05:50:242

deny句型

deny是动词,denying是deny的动名词,所以no denying的用法是将动名词作为名词来用的. life作为生命的意思时时不可数名词,不加s.作为生活来讲的话就是可数的加是s,lives. our living是one"s doing的形式,比如:do you mind my opening the door?其中的my opening是相同的用法. leaves something to be desired字面意思是‘还有很多事被渴望的",你想想既然还有很多没达到别人的渴望(要求),是不是令人不满呢? have gone from bad to worse翻译成每况愈下真好,呵呵
2023-07-11 05:50:521

单词refuse 与 deny用法的区别?

具体的解释字典有。楼上说的对,只是那是一部分解释。如果是语法的话,refuse后面加to do,deny后面加动名词doing。
2023-07-11 05:51:023

there is no denying的用法

There is no denying……是口语用法,意思是“不容否认;毋庸置疑”。deny是及物动词,作“否认”解时,可接名词、代词、动名词或that从句作宾语,但一般不接动词不定式作宾语。引申作“拒绝给予”解时,可接双宾语,其间接宾语可转化为介词to的宾语。 there is no denying造句 1、There is no denying that China is playing an important part in the world. 不可否认中国已在世界上占举足轻重的地位。 2、There is no denying that the girl is quite strong. 不可否认的这个女孩非常坚强。 3、There is no denying that the potential and challenge of development of China is huge. 不可否认的是,潜力巨大,挑战也巨大。 4、There is no denying the Chinese enthusiasm for western theatre. 无可否认中国人对于西方戏剧的热情。 5、There is no denying the fact that their team is much better than ours. 他们队比我们实力强得多,这一事实无可否认。
2023-07-11 05:51:101

英语高手来下~

这两个句子都没有错误。deny可以有被动。
2023-07-11 05:51:194

非谓语动词的用法详解

非谓语动词   在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词   是动词的非谓语形式.动词一般在句子中充当谓语.在句中可起名词,形容词,副词的作用,在句中充当主语,宾语,表语,补语,定语或状语.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分   3种形式:不定式,分词(现在分词、过去分词),动名词   1.非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有:   (1)如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如:   They built a garden.   They suggested building a garden.   (2)都可以被状语修饰:   The suit fits him very well.   The suit used to fit him very well.   (3)都有主动与被动, “体”式(一般式;进行式;完成式)的变化。例如:   He was punished by his parents.(谓语动词被动语态)   He avoided being punished by his parents.(动名词的被动式)   We have written the composition.(谓语动词的完成时)   Having written the composition, we handed it in.(现在分词的完成式)   (4)都可以有逻辑主语   They started the work at once.(谓语动词的逻辑主语)   The boss ordered them to start the work.(动词不定式的逻辑主语)   We are League members.(谓语动词的主语)   We being League member, the work was well done.   (现在分词的逻辑主语)   2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有:   (1)非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语。   (2)非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。   (3)非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作状语。   (4)谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制。   (二)非谓语动词的句法功能:   二、非谓语动词用法:   (一)动词不定式:(to)+do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。   1.不定式的形式:(以动词write为例)   否定式:not + (to) do   (1)一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后,   例如:   I"m glad to meet you.   He seems to know a lot.   We plan to pay a visit.   He wants to be an artist.   The patient asked to be operated on at once.   The teacher ordered the work to be done.   (2)进行式:不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如:   The boy pretended to be working hard.   He seems to be reading in his room.   (3)完成式:不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如:   I regretted to have told a lie.   I happened to have seen the film.   He is pleased to have met his friend.   2.不定式的句法功能:   (1)作主语:   To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.   To lose your heart means failure.   动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式:   It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.   It means failure to lose your heart.   常用句式有:1、It+be+名词+to do。2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。3、It+be+形容词+of sb +to do。4、It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do。常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词,不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。   (2)作表语:   Her job is to clean the hall.   He appears to have caught a cold.   (3)作宾语:   常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式(宾语)后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语(不定式)后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如:   Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.   动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如:   I have no choice but to stay here.   He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike.   动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如:   He gave us some advice on how to learn English.   (4)作宾语补足语:   在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.   此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如:   With a lot of work to do, he didn"t go to the cinema.   有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时,不定式要加to, 如:   I saw him cross the road.   He was seen to cross the road.   (5)作定语:   动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系:   ①动宾关系:   I have a meeting to attend.   注意:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如:   He found a good house to live in.   The child has nothing to worry about.   What did you open it with?   如果不定式修饰time, place, way,可以省略介词:   He has no place to live.   This is the best way to work out this problem.   如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者,不定式可用主动式也可用被动式:   Have you got anything to send?   Have you got anything to be sent?   ②说明所修饰名词的内容:   We have made a plan to finish the work.   ③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语:   He is the first to get here.   (6)作状语:   ①表目的:   He worked day and night to get the money.   She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.   注意不定式放句首时,逻辑主语与句子主语要一致:   wrong:To save money, every means has been tried.   right:To save money, he has tried every means.   wrong:To learn English well, a dictionary is needed.   right:To learn English well, he needs a dictionary.   ②表结果:   He arrived late to find the train gone.   常用only放在不定式前表示强调:   I visited him only to find him out.   ③表原因:   They were very sad to hear the news.   ④表程度:   It"s too dark for us to see anything.   The question is simple for him to answer.   (7)作独立成分:   To tell you the truth, I don"t like the way he talked.   (8)不定式的省略:保留to省略do动词。   If you don"t want to do it, you don"t need to.   (9)不定式的并列:第二个不定式可省略to。   He wished to study medicine and become a doctor.   (二)动名词:   动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能。   1.动名词的形式:   否定式:not + 动名词   (1)一般式:   Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。   (2)被动式:   He came to the party without being invited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会。   (3)完成式:   We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。   (4)完成被动式:   He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.   他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。   (5)否定式:not + 动名词   I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。   (6)复合结构:物主代词(或名词所有格)+ 动名词   He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。   His not knowing English troubled him a lot.   他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。   2.动名词的句法功能:   (1)作主语:   Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。   Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。   当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。   It"s no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的。   (2)作表语:   In the ant city, the queen"s job is laying eggs.   在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵。   (3)作宾语:   They haven"t finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。   We have to prevent the air from being polluted.   我们必须阻止空气被污染。   注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面两个例句。此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,则常用形式宾语it,例如:   We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。   要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语:   enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid(避免), excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit(承认),deny(否认), mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk(冒险), appreciate(感激), be busy, be worth, feel like, can"t stand, can"t help(情不自禁地), think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…(from),protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like   (4)作定语:   He can"t walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。   Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你们学校有游泳池吗?   (5)作同位语:   The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞,他藏身的地方很秘密。   His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged.   他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。   (三)现在分词:   现在分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。   1、现在分词的形式:   否定式:not + 现在分词   (1)现在分词的主动语态:现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,完成   式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,常作状语。例如:   They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。   Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业,他开始打篮球。   (2)现在分词的被动语态:一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作,完成式表示发生在谓语动   词之前的被动的动作。   The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。   Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.   被告诉了好几遍,这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。   2.现在分词的句法功能:   (1)作定语:现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语做定语   放在名词后。   In the following years he worked even harder.   在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了。   The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor"s father.   正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。   现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如:in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.   (2)现在分词作表语:   The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒。   The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心。   be + doing既可能表示现在进行时,也可能是现在分词做表语,它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时,而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。   (3)作宾语补足语:   如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语:   see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。例如:   Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗?   He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。   (4)现在分词作状语:   ①作时间状语:   (While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.   在工厂工作时,他是一名先进工人。   ②作原因状语:   Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员,他经常帮助他人。   ③作方式状语,表示伴随:   He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里,又擦又洗。   ④作条件状语:   (If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.   要是整天玩,你就会浪费宝贵的时间。   ⑤作结果状语:   He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了,结果摔得粉碎。   ⑥作目的状语:   He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。   ⑦作让步状语:   Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.   虽然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了。   ⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格:   I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head.   我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。   All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.   所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。   Time permitting, we"ll do another two exercises.   如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。   有时也可用with (without) +名词(代词宾格)+分词形式   With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。   ⑨作独立成分:   udging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor.   从外表看,他一定是个演员。   Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来,女孩子更细心。   (四)过去分词:   过去分词只有一种形式:规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求,要一一记住。   过去分词的句法功能:   1.过去分词作定语:   Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。   Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会。   注意当过去分词是单词时,一般用于名词前,如果是过去分词短语,就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。   2.过去分词作表语:   The window is broken. 窗户破了。   They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。   注意:be + 过去分词,如果表示状态是系表结构,如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。区别:   The window is broken.(系表)   The window was broken by the boy.(被动)   有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的,不表示被动,只表示完成。如:   boiled water(开水) fallen leaves(落叶)   newly arrived goods(新到的货) the risen sun(升起的太阳)   the changed world(变了的世界)   这类过去分词有:gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。   3.过去分词作宾语补足语:   I heard the song sung several times last week.   上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。   有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语:   With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了,他们出去玩去了。   4.过去分词作状语:   Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.   受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。(表示原因)   Once seen, it can never be forgotten.   一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了。(表示时间)   Given more time, I"ll be able to do it better.   如果给予更多的时间,我能做得更好。(表示条件)   Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.   虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。(表示让步)   Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充满了希望与恐惧,他走进山洞。
2023-07-11 05:51:291

(路由器配置)关于permit 和deny的用法。

可以1Router(config)#access-list 110 permit icmp 212.78.170.160 0.0.0.31 any 2Router(config)#access-list 110 deny icmp any any3Router(config)#access-list 110 permit ip any any他会按顺序匹配, 匹配到1后就不会再去匹配2.3 了
2023-07-11 05:51:371

Allow和Deny是什么意思???

Allow-允许DENY--否认
2023-07-11 05:51:442

denied后面接什么(denied后面接什么介词)

1、denied后面接什么。 2、denied什么意思啊。 3、denied的用法。 4、denied that。1.denied是deny过去式,用法和deny相同,后面可接sth/doingsth表否定,接sbsth表拒接给予。
2023-07-11 05:51:511

deny与refuse都有"拒绝"的意思他们的区别在哪

否认和拒绝
2023-07-11 05:52:007

refuse,decline,reject和deny都有拒绝的意思,请问有何不同

refuse 比较强硬 直接拒绝,没有商量的余地decline 这个一般在报纸上很常见 decline to release any info.拒绝透露任何消息reject 就是比较委婉一些稍微有点商量的余地. 不过他和refuse有时候没有太大的区别deny 多用于否定句中 I do not deny 我不否认 there is no denying. 不可否认.
2023-07-11 05:52:284

deny 被动语态的一个用法

因为小时候的一场车祸,他的腿不能正常行动了,他不得不靠拐杖走路。字面意思是他的双腿被拒绝了嘛...him做的是deny的宾语
2023-07-11 05:52:361

动词加后缀al变为名词,

refuse refusalarrive arrivalapprove approval propose proposal
2023-07-11 05:52:442

否定用英语怎么说

  否定,是用来否认一个事实的成立、存在或真实性的,在英语中表达这一意思就要借助一些否定词如nothing、few、little等。那么你知道否定用英语怎么说吗?下面来学习一下吧。    否定的英语说法1:   deny    否定的英语说法2:   negative    否定的英语说法3:   disavowal    否定的网络短语:   否定声明 disclaimer ; negative statement ; haha negative statement   否定应答 NAK Negative Acknowledge ; NAK ; negative acknowledge ; NACK   部分否定 partial negation ; Not all the people believe that ; everyone ; everything   不可否定 It is undeniable that ; GSGY   否定区域 region of rejection ; rejection region   否定观点 Negative Opinions   否定性 negativity ; Negativeness ; Negativitaet   否定形式 Negative form ; Negation ; not to do ; ought not to have done   否定回答 Negative Responses ; negative answer ; Does your cousin like to skip ; Must I do it now    否定的英语例句:   1. This is a rejection of most of what has gone before.   这是对早先讨论过的很多事情的否定。   2. Perhaps you shouldn"t brush the idea aside too hastily.   也许你不应该太仓促地否定这个想法。   3. He had never been able to disbelieve it completely.   他从未能够对此予以全盘否定。   4. I initially dismissed the idea out of hand.   我起初不假思索地就否定了这个想法。   5. Persistent disapproval or criticism can be highly demoralizing.   一再的否定和批评可能会对信心造成严重打击。   6. 60 percent of the sample answered negatively.   抽样调查中60%的接受调查者作出了否定回答。   7. Stein shook his head slowly, negatively.   斯坦慢慢摇了摇头,表示否定。   8. The Council answered those questions in the negative.   委员会对那些问题的答复是否定的。   9. Dr Velayati gave a vague but negative response.   韦拉亚提医生给了一个含糊而否定的回答。   10. This political system was the negation of democracy.   这种政治制度是对民主的否定。   11. Claims of corruption within the police force were denied.   警察内部腐败的说法被否定了.   12. They falsify or deny whatever doesn"t suit their books.   他们篡改或者否定任何不符合他们意见的东西.   13. The decline of community life is negating the work of welfare services.   社区生活的下降否定了福利机构的工作.   14. He flatly denied it.   他断然否定这事.   15. He gave us a negative answer.   他给了我们一个否定的回答.
2023-07-11 05:53:002

turn down,refuse,reject,decline,deny,object在表示拒绝的意思时的区别?

以上的单词或短语基本上都有拒绝的意思,但还是有细微的差别:turn down 一般是拒绝提议,建议或服务。。refuse 一般接to do sth. 或者说拒绝某人reject 拒绝接收,拒绝考虑或同意decline 谢绝,婉拒deny 否定,否认object 反对某人的意见或建议,拒绝根据后面所接的宾语以及意思来选择谓语动词。
2023-07-11 05:53:082

谁能肯定告诉这道题英语选择题

我感觉用ADdeny用法,deny sth/doing sth表示否认,而deny sth to sb表示拒绝给予,根据题意需要用到Ving形式。这个不用解释了,接着看选项了。第一题解析:when (he) questioned,he这里因为前后主语一致都是对同个人he,所以省略从句主语,然后这里用questioned的过去分词形式省略be动词来直接表被动。他否定过去做了,denied时态表过去指与被questioned的时候一致,加了having 则可以强调过去到现在都没有做过,情感更强烈,但是选项里D前面questioning不是被动,所以不能选D,所以看选项只能选ABC,但是Cquestion没有被动,不是he自己问,而是被问,所以C不可以;选项B里being时态与denied不一致,如果补上was being questioned表示过去进行时,此时不与denied的过去时态相符,因此前后时态不同了,所以这个时候was不可以省略,但是B选项省略了,所以不可以。综上只能选A。第二题相对简单些,直接用deny用法,但是这里注意,加了have表从过去到现在都没有做过,C和D区别就在这里,C表示没杀,D表示从没杀,C选项就有点轻描淡写,D选项的情感就更加真实强烈,表示he极力表示自己没做的这种感觉,所以选D更优,并不代表C不正确。
2023-07-11 05:53:171

denied to going to是动词不定式吗

deny这个词应该不是这么用的。第一种,要么deny sth ,要么deny that +从句,要么deny doing sth,这时是“否认”的意思。第二种,deny sb sth,“不准,不允许””。没见过你写的这种用法。还有,动词不定式中的to只是符号,后面跟动词原形的。所以要判断是不是不定式,可以看to 后面是不是动词原形。除了作动词不定式的符号以外,to还可以做介词,介词后面跟动词就要用ing形式了。你这个短语表面看to后动词加了ing,所以是介词的用法。但实际上deny的这种用法是错误的,所以这个短语应该不成立。
2023-07-11 05:53:241

extra、remind、remembrance、remember、deny、resist的中文意思是什么?

1、extra ["ekstru0259] adj. 额外的adv. 特别地n. 额外之物, 额外收入2、remind [ri"maind]vt.提醒,使想起;使发生联想3、remembrance [ri"membru0259ns] n. 回想, 记忆, 纪念品4、remember [ri"membu0259]v.记得,记住;(to)代…问候5、deny [di"nai]vt.否认,不承认;拒绝给予,拒绝要求6、resist [ri"zist]v.抵(反)抗,抵制;抗,耐;拒受…的影响
2023-07-11 05:53:322

admit的用法.

及物动词 vt. 1.承认[+v-ing][+(that)][O2]You must admit the task to be difficult. 你得承认这个任务是艰巨的。 We have to admit that he"s a highly competent man. 我们必须承认他是个非常能干的人。 I admitted breaking the window. 我承认打破了窗子。 2.准许进入;准许...进入(或加入)[(+into/to)]No one but ticket-holders was admitted. 只有持票者方可入内。 3.容许;可容纳The theater admits 1000 people. 这剧院可容纳一千人。 不及物动词 vi. 1.承认[(+to)]I must admit to feeling ashamed of my conduct. 我得承认因自己的行为而感到羞惭。 2.容许,有余地[(+of)]This matter admits of no delay. 这事不容耽搁。 3.通向[(+to)]
2023-07-11 05:53:474

请问denied之后为何不加to就直接放access?谢谢解答.

deny sth, 或者deny doing sth.上述句子中access为名词,access to the president.是一个名词短语,即符合的是deny sth.的用法
2023-07-11 05:54:371

英语分词的用法

动名词: 动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能。 1.动名词的形式: 否定式:not + 动名词 (1)一般式: Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 (2)被动式: He came to the party without being invited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会。 (3)完成式: We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。 (4)完成被动式: He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old. 他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。 (5)否定式:not + 动名词 I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。 (6)复合结构:物主代词(或名词所有格)+ 动名词 He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。 His not knowing English troubled him a lot. 他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。 2.动名词的句法功能: (1)作主语: Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。 Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。 当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。 It"s no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的。 (2)作表语: In the ant city, the queen"s job is laying eggs. 在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵。 (3)作宾语: They haven"t finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。 We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染。 注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面两个例句。此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,则常用形式宾语it,例如: We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。 要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语: enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid(避免), excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit(承认),deny(否认), mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk(冒险), appreciate(感激), be busy, be worth, feel like, can"t stand, can"t help(情不自禁地), think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…(from),protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like (4)作定语: He can"t walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。 Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你们学校有游泳池吗? (5)作同位语: The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞,他藏身的地方很秘密。 His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged. 他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。 (三)现在分词: 现在分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。 1、现在分词的形式: 否定式:not + 现在分词 (1)现在分词的主动语态:现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,常作状语。例如: They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。 Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业,他开始打篮球。 (2)现在分词的被动语态:一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作,完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。 The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。 Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. 被告诉了好几遍,这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。 2.现在分词的句法功能: (1)作定语:现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语做定语 放在名词后。 In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了。 The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor"s father. 正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。 现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如:in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher. (2)现在分词作表语: The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒。 The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心。 be + doing既可能表示现在进行时,也可能是现在分词做表语,它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时,而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。 (3)作宾语补足语: 如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语: see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。例如: Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗? He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。 (4)现在分词作状语: ①作时间状语: (While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 在工厂工作时,他是一名先进工人。 ②作原因状语: Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员,他经常帮助他人。 ③作方式状语,表示伴随: He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里,又擦又洗。 ④作条件状语: (If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. 要是整天玩,你就会浪费宝贵的时间。 ⑤作结果状语: He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了,结果摔得粉碎。 ⑥作目的状语: He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。 ⑦作让步状语: Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 虽然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了。 ⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格: I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my heard. 我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。 All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。 Time permitting, we"ll do another two exercises. 如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。 有时也可用with (without) +名词(代词宾格)+分词形式 With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。 ⑨作独立成分: Judging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor. 从外表看,他一定是个演员。 Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来,女孩子更细心。 (四)过去分词: 过去分词只有一种形式:规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求,要一一记住。 过去分词的句法功能: 1.过去分词作定语: Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。 Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会。 注意当过去分词是单词时,一般用于名词前,如果是过去分词短语,就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。 2.过去分词作表语: The window is broken. 窗户破了。 They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。 注意:be + 过去分词,如果表示状态是系表结构,如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。区别: The window is broken.(系表) The window was broken by the boy.(被动) 有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的,不表示被动,只表示完成。如: boiled water(开水) fallen leaves(落叶) newly arrived goods(新到的货) the risen sun(升起的太阳) the changed world(变了的世界) 这类过去分词有:gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。 3.过去分词作宾语补足语: I heard the song sung several times last week. 上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。 有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语: With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了,他们出去玩去了。 4.过去分词作状语: Praised by the neighbors, he became the pride of his parents. 受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。(表示原因) Once seen, it can never be forgotten. 一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了。(表示时间) Given more time, I"ll be able to do it better. 如果给予更多的时间,我能做得更好。(表示条件) Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy. 虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。(表示让步)我们把在句子当中起名词、形容词或副词作用,充当谓语之外的其它句子成分的动词称为非谓语动词。非谓语动词有三种形式:不定式、分词(现在分词和过去分词)、动名词。中考中出现频率较高的知识点:1.stop to do sth. 和stop doing sth.“stop to do sth.” 表示停止做其它事情而去做“to do sth.”所表示的事情,可以将“to do sth.”理解成“stop”的目的状语;“stop doing sth.”表示不做“doing sth.”所表示的事情。例如: “Stop talking. Let"s begin our class.” said the teacher. 老师说:“别说话了,让我们开始上课。”We have kept doing our homework for a long time. Let"s stop to listen to music. 我们做家庭作业很长时间了,让我们停下来听听音乐。2.forget to do sth.和forget doing sth. (remember to do sth. 和remember doing sth.)“forget to do sth.”表示将来不要忘记做某事,谈的是未来的事情;“forget doing sth.”表示忘记过去应该做的事情。例如: “Don"t forget to do your homework.” said the teacher before the class was over. 老师在下课前说:“不要忘记做家庭作业。”“I"m sorry. I forgot doing my homework. May I hand it in this afternoon, Mr. Chen?” said Li Ming.李明说:“对不起,我忘记做家庭作业了。我今天下午交好吗,陈老师?”3.have sth. done.(过去分词)(让别人)做某事例如:I had my hair cut yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午理了发。My computer can not work now. I must have it repaired. 我的电脑有故障了,我必须让人修好它。4. 感官动词后接不带to的不定式或者现在分词的区别例如:see sb. do sth.看见某人(经常)做某事 和see sb. doing sth.看见某人(正在)做某事I often see him do exercise in the morning. 我经常在早晨看见他锻炼身体。When I was walking in the park, I saw him drawing a picture there. 当我在公园散步的时候,我看见他正在那里画画。5. 在主动语态中,感官动词(see, hear, feel, watch等)和使役动词(make, have, let等)要求接不带to的不定式做宾语补足语,而在被动语态里,不定式要带上to。例如:The boss often made the workers work 10 hours a day. The workers were made to work 10 hours a day. She was heard to use strong language. 听说她骂人了。6.常用的几个和不定式有关的句型:Why not do sth? 为什么不做某事?It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花了某人多长时间。It is/was +形容词+(for sb.) +to do sth. 做某事(对某人来说)怎么样。 7. 介词后面一般接动名词。同学们要特别注意介词to和不定式符号to的区别,例如下面的词组一定要记清:prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢做……不喜欢做……look forward to doing sth. 期待/盼望做某事make a contribution to doing sth. 为……做出贡献8. 现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别A. 现在分词含有正在进行的意思,而过去分词含有被动或者已经完成的意思,如:a developing country 发展中国家 a developed country 发达国家boiling water 正在沸腾的水(一般情况下水温为100℃) boiled water 开水(已经烧开的水,水温可以依然很高,也可以是凉白开)a boy named Jim 一个叫Jim的男孩B. 有些动词的现在分词和过去分词都具有形容词特征,但是它们的意思有区别。它们的-ing形式往往用来说明事物的特征;他们的-ed形式表示被动的意思,用来说明人的情况。I am interested in this interesting story. 我对这个有趣的故事感兴趣。I am moved at the moving sight. 我被这动人的情景感动了。They were amazed at the amazing facts. 他们对那些令人惊异的事实感到惊奇。
2023-07-11 05:54:485

非谓语动词的 用法

我的回答:非谓语动词   在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词   是动词的非谓语形式.动词一般在句子中充当谓语.在句中可起名词,形容词,副词的作用,在句中充当主语,宾语,表语,补语,定语或状语.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分   3种形式:不定式,分词(现在分词、过去分词),动名词
2023-07-11 05:55:073

几个英语词汇辨析题目,求高人指点。。先谢谢了。

好难~~坐等高手回答~!
2023-07-11 05:55:186

现在分词的用法

1.作主语:通常被看作是单数不可数名词,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。Driving fast is very dangerous.Swimming is my favourite sport.Painting is an art.Hearing the bad news made him cry.注意:现在分词作主语时,和动词不定式一样,当它是较长的短语时,常常用it作形式主语,而把现在分词放到句末。如:It"s nice spending the holiday at the beach.It"s tiring working late.现在分词作主语时的常用句型: a waste of time no good/no useIt +be+ little/hardly any use + V-ing分词 not/hardly worth worth/worthwhile如:It"s no use complaining.It"s no good smoking a lot.It"s a waste of time doing such a thing. no no sense in(没有道理)There +be+ no point in(毫无意义) +V-ing分词 no use in Nothing worse than(没有比...更糟糕的)如:There was no knowing what he was doing.There is no point (in) doing so.这么做,毫无意义。经常跟在it +be后面的形容词,然后接动名词作实际主语的形容词还有:Odd古怪的 Crazy疯狂的 Hopeless无望的 NiceFunny好笑的 Foolish愚蠢的 interesting Tiring累人的better terrible Enjoyable愉快的 Pointless无意义的2作表语:-ing分词作表语多和系动词be连用。注意:如果主语用了不定式,表语也要用不定式;同样地,如果主语用的是-ing分词,表语也应用-ing分词。即,作主语和表语的动词在形式上的一致。如:Seeing is believing=To see is to believe.My favourite sport is swimming.Her only hobby(爱好) is collecting stamps.☆注意:现在分词作表语和动词不定式作表语的区别在于:现在分词表示习惯性动作;而不定式表示一次性的具体动作。如:My plan is to finish my homework before tomorrow.My favourite sport is swimming.3. 作宾语英语中,有相当一部分动词后,只能接-ing分词作宾语。这类动词主要有:Admit承认 advise Anticipate期望做。。 Detest憎恨做。。。Defer推迟 suggest Escape逃避做。。 Quit停止做。。Deny否认 Miss错过 Avoid避免做。。。 Tolerate忍受。。Keep保持做。。。 Appreciate感谢。。。 Practise练习。。 enjoyMind介意 Consider考虑做 Risk冒险做。。。 Excuse原谅如:Excuse me interrupting you.I enjoy reading newspapers.I suggest you should practise speaking English every morning.注意:有一类动词后即可跟不定式作宾语,也可跟-ing分词作宾语。可以把这类动词分为三种类型:1)两种形式意义基本相同。2)两种形式略有差别。3)意义完全不同。A)两种形式意义基本相同的动词有:attempt, begin, cease(停止), continue, intend, start, commence(开始).如:She started to cry/crying.What do you intend to do/doing next?你打算接下来做什么?He continued to work/working.B)两种形式意义略有差别的动词主要有:hate, like, dislike, love, prefer等。如:I like playing basketball.I hate to trouble you.I prefer to go for a walk.I prefer singing songs.C)后跟不定式和-ing分词时,意义完全不同的动词有:remember, forget, regret., try, mean, chance(碰巧),cannot help...等。它们后面跟不定式表示动作还未发生,而跟现在分词表示动作已经发生。如:I regret to do this thing.I regret doing such a thing.Mean to do 表示打算,意欲做某事:而mean doing表示“意味着,意思是”如:I mean/plan to buy a house.Fighting means killing.Chance to do表示碰巧做某事;而chance doing表示冒险做某事、碰运气试着做某事He chanced to meet his old friend in the street.He chanced taking part in that race.Cannot help to do表示不能帮忙做某事;Cannot help doing表示情不自禁,不由得做某事如:I cannot help to do homework for you.I cannot help laughing.4. 作介词宾语除了我们已经谈到的“疑问词+不定式”可以作介词宾语外。通常情况下,只能用-ing分词作介词的宾语。但个别表示“除了。。。之外”的介词如“except, but, than”通常接不定式。如:I can do nothing except/but wait.后面跟-ing分词作介词宾语的短语结构主要有:A)“动词+介词+动名词”I am used to sleeping on the floor.(习惯于。。。)I am looking forward to meeting you.The rain stopped us from working.She objected to marrying him(反对)B)“形容词+介词+-ing分词”I am interested in playing basketball.Tom is responsible for breaking the glass.C)"名词+介词+动名词"There are many ways to do it/of doing it.He didn"t go out for fear of raining.-ing分词的惯用搭配有:A)主语+have+fun/pleasure/a good time/trouble/difficulty+(in) doing sth如:We had a lot of fun (in) playing basketball.I have trouble/difficulty(in) understanding him.B)“There is+difficulty/trouble/pleasure+(in) doing sth”如:There is difficulty in passing the exam.There is trouble in learning a foreigh language.C)“be busy+(in) doing sth”I am busy in doing my homework.D) “What about/How about +-ing分词”(征求意见句型。。。怎么样)What/How about having a cup of tea?How about playing basketball with me?E)注意:有一类-ing分词和go搭配,表示“去(干。。。)”,这些分词大多与休闲娱乐的户外活动有关。常用的有:boating Camping野营 Climbing爬山Driving驾车兜风 Dancing跳舞 Hiking徒步旅行Hunting打猎 Fishing垂钓 runningJogging慢跑 Ridding骑马 Sailing航行Shopping购物 Sightseeing观光 Skating滑冰swimming Walking散步 Window shopping逛街如:We went boating yesterday.5.作定语 单个分词作定语时放在所修饰名词前 a running boy    the girl standing there (分词短语作定语,故置于所修饰名词之后)并且一般都可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句   如: a boy who is running   a girl who is standing there注意:某些现在分词作定语时,已不再表示动作,已经从分词变为了形容词词性。如:an interesting story, an exciting match 。这些也可以属于现在分词作定语,但是不能转化为相应的定语从句。但是可以有三级变化(原级、比较级、 最高级)和被某些副词如very修饰。6.作宾语补语只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补    1)感官动词或心理状态的动词:see,hear,watch,feel,notice,observe,find,listen to,look at   2)表示致使意义的动词:make, have,get,catch,leave,keep, let  注意:但是并不代表这些动词后的宾补形式都要用现在分词(有些后面可以加不带to的不定式作宾补)   eg.I saw him singing now.和 I saw him sing in the house.注意 :宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者。7.作状语分词作状语时的逻辑主语(即分词动作的发出者)一般要与句中主语保持一致。若逻辑主语和分词动作之间为主动,用主动。反之,用被动。A)作时间状语   如:.Walking in the street,I saw him.当我在街上走时,我看到他了可以转化为一个时间状语从句:When/While I was walking in the street,I saw him.注意:当我要强调正在进行的动作时 我们可以在分词前面加上when/while   那么上面的例句就可以改写为When/While walking in the street,I saw him.(其实这是省略了从句中的I was,因为从句的主语和主句一致)。如果句子为:When/While he was walking in the street,I saw him. 当他走在街上,我看到他了。这里,由于从句主语和主句主语不一致,故不可省略。B)作条件状语   如: Working hard,you will succeed. (只要)努力工作,你就会成功。可以转换为if引导的状语从句。即:If you work hard, you will succeed.C)作原因状语   如: Being ill,she stayed at home. (因为)生病,她留在家里   注意 being是常用来作原因状语的  这句可以转换为相应的原因状语从句:Because/As she was ill, she stayed at home.D)作让步状语   如. Having failed many times,he didn"t lose heart. 有很多次失败,他没有灰心。=Although he had failed many times, he didn"t lose heart.E)作结果状语   如: His friend died,leaving Tom a lot of money, 他的朋友死了,(所以)给汤姆留了很多钱。=His friend died, so he left Tom a lot of money.F)作方式状语   如:Please answer the question using another way. 请用另一种方式回答这个问题G)作伴随状语,表示现在分词的动作正在进行中。如:He sat on the chair, singing songs.They left the shop, satisfied.The worked for a whole day, exhausted.They watching TV in the living room, I was cooking in the kitchen.8. 现在分词的独立主格 (1)独立主格,又叫独立结构,在句中作状语。它没有主语和谓语,只有逻辑上的主语,因此,它在句法上不是句子,而是一个独立于句子成分之外的独特结构形式。(2)独立主格结构可置于句首、句尾,用逗号与主句隔开。 独立主格结构可分为两部分,一部分是名词或代词(主格),起着逻辑主语的作用;另一部分由形容词、副词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等构成,表示前面名词或代词的状态、状况或动作。如:He entered the room, his nose red with cold.(名词/代词+形容词) He lay on his back, his hands behind his head.(名词/代词+介词短语) He entered the classroom, a book in his hand. He lay on the bed, his eyes closed. A good student, he always studies very hard. Whatever the reason, Bob went aboard finally. (3)这和我们学过的”with的复合结构”是差不多的,只不过它要比独立主格多个with.(4)分词作状语时,其逻辑主语一般要与句中主语保持一致”不难发现我每次在叙述这句话时都加上”一般”二字 那也就是说也有特殊的时候 就是分词的逻辑主语不和句中主语保持一致 也就是拥有了自己的独自的逻辑主语 那么也就是该用独立主格的时候了.如:Winter coming,it gets colder and colder.冬天来了 天变的越来越冷了  注意这句话,我们不难发现it在句中指代的是”天气” 。那么当我把winter去掉的时候,那在形式上就是纯粹的分词作状语。那么我们也就是默认了coming的动作是由it(天气)发出来的。但是我们不妨翻译一下”当天气来的时候,天气变的越来越冷了.”显然句意不通。那么就是说coming的逻辑主语不是it(天气),也就是coming拥有自己的逻辑主语。那么也就是winter,因为coming的动作是由winter发出的。
2023-07-11 05:55:371

deny from 具体用法及实例

1. 这个你先了解下子网掩码和IP的关系222.249.0.0/17 = 高17位一样的IP地址, 就是从222.249.0.0 ~ 222.249.127.0222.249.0.0/19 = 高19位一样的IP地址, 就是从222.249.0.0 ~ 222.249.63.02. 2. 就用比较笨的方法:deny from 121.8;deny from 121.9;.......deny from 121.43;deny from 180.210.224.0/255deny from 180.210.225/2553. 看看这个就全明白了http://httpd.apache.org/docs/1.3/mod/mod_access.htmlhttp://www.phpv.net/html/168.html
2023-07-11 05:56:421

deny用法

Deny+ doing
2023-07-11 05:57:025

deny有哪些用法?

deny,动词,意思是:否认,后接动名词doing作宾语,如He denied taking my book.他否认拿了我的书。It is no denying that...不可否认,,,
2023-07-11 05:57:351

deny用法 deny有什么用法

1. deny是及物动词,其现在分词/过去式/过去分词形式为:denying/denied/denied. 2. 中学阶段一般只要求掌握它三种用法: 1)vt.否定/否认,结构是:deny sth;deny doing sth = deny having done sth 如:He denied the signature. 他否认这是他的签名. He denied knowing anything about their plans. = He denied having known anything about their plans. 他否认知悉他们的计划. 2)拒绝给予 = refuse to give,结构是:deny sb sth = deny sth to sb He denied the money to his son. = He denied his sone the money. 他拒绝给儿子钱. 3)vt.抛弃/背弃 He has denied his party and his principles. 他背弃了他的党和他的原则.
2023-07-11 05:58:591

单词“deny”的用法有哪些?

1. deny是及物动词,其现在分词/过去式/过去分词形式为:denying/denied/denied.2. 中学阶段一般只要求掌握它三种用法:1)vt.否定/否认,结构是:deny sth;deny doing sth = deny having done sth如:He denied the signature.他否认这是他的签名。He denied knowing anything about their plans. = He denied having known anything about their plans. 他否认知悉他们的计划。2)拒绝给予 = refuse to give,结构是:deny sb sth = deny sth to sbHe denied the money to his son.= He denied his sone the money.他拒绝给儿子钱。3)vt.抛弃/背弃 He has denied his party and his principles.他背弃了他的党和他的原则。
2023-07-11 05:59:071

deny的用法

1. deny是及物动词,其现在分词/过去式/过去分词形式为:denying/denied/denied.2. 中学阶段一般只要求掌握它三种用法:1)vt.否定/否认,结构是:deny sth;deny doing sth = deny having done sth如:He denied the signature.他否认这是他的签名。He denied knowing anything about their plans. = He denied having known anything about their plans. 他否认知悉他们的计划。2)拒绝给予 = refuse to give,结构是:deny sb sth = deny sth to sbHe denied the money to his son.= He denied his sone the money.他拒绝给儿子钱。3)vt.抛弃/背弃 He has denied his party and his principles.他背弃了他的党和他的原则。
2023-07-11 05:59:142

deny 中文意思是?搞懂英文「deny 」用法跟意思!

deny 中文意思 是指「否定、否认、拒绝」的意思。deny是动词的型态,deny 的名词型态则为denial,意思同样为「否定、否认、拒绝」。deny 当作动词用的时候, 其三态分别为:过去式:denied 过去分词:denied 现在分词:denying 下面列举出deny 的英文用法、英文例句跟中文意思,赶快学起来吧! 1.deny 否定、否认、拒绝 (动词) deny 为动词,中文意思是指「否定、否认、拒绝」的意思。 deny 相关英文例句: 例: Tom denies breaking the window. 汤姆不承认是他打破了窗户。 例: You should never deny assistance to those who need it. 你永远不应拒绝需要帮助的人。 例: Jenny will not confirm or deny the allegations. 对那些指控珍妮将不置可否。 deny, deny 中文, deny 中文意思, deny 中文的意思, deny 中文解释, deny 意思, deny 用法, deny 翻译, 英文 deny
2023-07-11 05:59:321

refuse和deny的区别?

Refuse(a request or something offered)拒绝(一个请求或给予的某种东西):Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a bisinessman.Deny(an accusation)否认(一种指控):He denied any role in the robbery.
2023-07-11 05:59:392

deny和refuse表示拒绝有什么区别

deny 是否决 ;拒绝相信;拒绝接受;拒绝给予;拒绝要求; 虽然也有拒绝的意思,但是也有否认的意思. 用法是deny doing sth./deny sth./deny that... refuse 却只有拒绝和谢绝的意思. 用法和deny相同. 具体用法:refuse的意思有——垃圾,废物,不愿,拒绝,抵制。The little boy refused to go to school.这个小男孩不肯去上学。He can"t refuse her anything.她要什么他都不能不给。deny的意思是——否定,否认;拒绝给予;拒绝…的要求。to deny an accusation否认指控,否认被指控的罪状He denied knowing anything.他不承认知道任何情况。
2023-07-11 05:59:521

denied用法

denied是deny过去式,用法和deny相同。1)vt.否定/否认,结构是:deny sth;deny doing sth = deny having done sth如:He denied the signature.他否认这是他的签名。He denied knowing anything about their plans. = He denied having known anything about their plans. 他否认知悉他们的计划。2)拒绝给予 = refuse to give,结构是:deny sb sth = deny sth to sbHe denied the money to his son.= He denied his son the money.他拒绝给儿子钱。3)vt.抛弃/背弃 He has denied his party and his principles.他背弃了他的党和他的原则。
2023-07-11 06:00:181

denied后面接什么?

denied是deny的过去式,它用法是和deny相同的,一般deny后面接什么它都可以接什么。用法如下:deny doing sth = deny having done sth、deny sb sth = deny sth to sb1.上课时间一定要充分把握,思维跟着老师走。2.坚持听磁带录音并大声朗读课文,可改善自己的语音,语调。3.通过学习课文,在课余时间翻译课文。4.对于每课的语法重点,要适时总结,细致分析。5.需要背诵的课文一定要能默写。6.可选购一本符合自己能力的辅导书,每天适当练习。7.必须熟练掌握八大语法,因为无论是在英语交流还是考试中,都是重中之重。
2023-07-11 06:00:251

deny与refuse表“拒绝”时的用法和意义区别

牛津字典很详细!
2023-07-11 06:00:346

decilne与deny的区别是啥? 清楚一些o哦~

2023-07-11 06:01:401

非谓语动词的用法

在英语中,不作句子谓语,而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词,叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词有动词不定式(the Infinitive);动名词(the Gerund);现在分词(the Present Participle);过去分词(the Past Participle)。 1.非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有: (1)如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如: They built a garden. They suggested building a garden. (2)都可以被状语修饰: The suit fits him very well. The suit used to fit him very well. (3)都有主动与被动, “体”式(一般式;进行式;完成式)的变化。例如: He was punished by his parents.(谓语动词被动语态) He avoided being punished by his parents.(动名词的被动式) We have written the composition.(谓语动词的完成时) Having written the composition, we handed it in.(现在分词的完成式) (4)都可以有逻辑主语 They started the work at once.(谓语动词的逻辑主语) The boss ordered them to start the work.(动词不定式的逻辑主语) We are League members.(谓语动词的主语) We being League member, the work was well done. (现在分词的逻辑主语) 2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有: (1)非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语。 (2)非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。 (3)非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作状语。 (二)非谓语动词的句法功能: 二、非谓语动词用法: (一)动词不定式:(to)+do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。 1.不定式的形式:(以动词write为例) 否定式:not + (to) do (1)一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后, 例如: I"m glad to meet you. He seems to know a lot. We plan to pay a visit. He wants to be an artist. The patient asked to be operated on at once. The teacher ordered the work to be done. (2)进行式:不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如: The boy pretended to be working hard. He seems to be reading in his room. (3)完成式:不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如: I regretted to have told a lie. I happened to have seen the film. He is pleased to have met his friend. 2.不定式的句法功能: (1)作主语: To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. To lose your heart means failure. 动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,例如上面两句可用如下形式: It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. It means failure to lose your heart. (2)作表语: Her job is to clean the hall. He appears to have caught a cold. (3)作宾语: 常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式(宾语)后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语(不定式)后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如: Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如: I have no choice but to stay here. He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike. 动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如: He gave us some advice on how to learn English. (4)作宾语补足语: 在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite. 此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如: With a lot of work to do, he didn"t go to the cinema. 有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时,不定式要加to, 如: I saw him cross the road. He was seen to cross the road. (5)作定语: 动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系: ①动宾关系: I have a meeting to attend. 注意:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如: He found a good house to live in. The child has nothing to worry about. What did you open it with? 如果不定式修饰time, place, way,可以省略介词: He has no place to live. This is the best way to work out this problem. 如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者,不定式可用主动式也可用被动式: Have you got anything to send? Have you got anything to be sent? ②说明所修饰名词的内容: We have made a plan to finish the work. ③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语: He is the first to get here. (6)作状语: ①表目的: He worked day and night to get the money. She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 注意不定式放句首时,逻辑主语与句子主语要一致: wrong:To save money, every means has been tried. right:To save money, he has tried every means. wrong:To learn English well, a dictionary is needed. right:To learn English well, he needs a dictionary. ②表结果: He arrived late to find the train gone. 常用only放在不定式前表示强调: I visited him only to find him out. ③表原因: They were very sad to hear the news. ④表程度: It"s too dark for us to see anything. The question is simple for him to answer. (7)作独立成分: To tell you the truth, I don"t like the way he talked. (8)不定式的省略:保留to省略do动词。 If you don"t want to do it, you don"t need to. (9)不定式的并列:第二个不定式可省略to。 He wished to study medicine and become a doctor. (二)动名词: 动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能。 1.动名词的形式: 否定式:not + 动名词 (1)一般式: Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 (2)被动式: He came to the party without being invited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会。 (3)完成式: We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。 (4)完成被动式: He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old. 他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。 (5)否定式:not + 动名词 I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。 (6)复合结构:物主代词(或名词所有格)+ 动名词 He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。 His not knowing English troubled him a lot. 他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。 2.动名词的句法功能: (1)作主语: Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。 Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。 当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。 It"s no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的。 (2)作表语: In the ant city, the queen"s job is laying eggs. 在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵。 (3)作宾语: They haven"t finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。 We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染。 注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面两个例句。此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,则常用形式宾语it,例如: We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。 要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语: enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid(避免), excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit(承认),deny(否认), mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk(冒险), appreciate(感激), be busy, be worth, feel like, can"t stand, can"t help(情不自禁地), think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…(from),protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like (4)作定语: He can"t walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。 Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你们学校有游泳池吗? (5)作同位语: The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞,他藏身的地方很秘密。 His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged. 他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。 (三)现在分词: 现在分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。 1、现在分词的形式: 否定式:not + 现在分词 (1)现在分词的主动语态:现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,完成 式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,常作状语。例如: They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。 Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业,他开始打篮球。 (2)现在分词的被动语态:一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作,完成式表示发生在谓语动 词之前的被动的动作。 The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。 Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. 被告诉了好几遍,这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。 2.现在分词的句法功能: (1)作定语:现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语做定语 放在名词后。 In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了。 The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor"s father. 正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。 现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如:in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher. (2)现在分词作表语: The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒。 The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心。 be + doing既可能表示现在进行时,也可能是现在分词做表语,它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时,而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。 (3)作宾语补足语: 如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语: see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。例如: Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗? He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。 (4)现在分词作状语: ①作时间状语: (While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 在工厂工作时,他是一名先进工人。 ②作原因状语: Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员,他经常帮助他人。 ③作方式状语,表示伴随: He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里,又擦又洗。 ④作条件状语: (If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. 要是整天玩,你就会浪费宝贵的时间。 ⑤作结果状语: He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了,结果摔得粉碎。 ⑥作目的状语: He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。 ⑦作让步状语: Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 虽然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了。 ⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格: I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my heard. 我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。 All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。 Time permitting, we"ll do another two exercises. 如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。 有时也可用with (without) +名词(代词宾格)+分词形式 With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。 ⑨作独立成分: udging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor. 从外表看,他一定是个演员。 Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来,女孩子更细心。 (四)过去分词: 过去分词只有一种形式:规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求,要一一记住。 过去分词的句法功能: 1.过去分词作定语: Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。 Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会。 注意当过去分词是单词时,一般用于名词前,如果是过去分词短语,就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。 2.过去分词作表语: The window is broken. 窗户破了。 They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。 注意:be + 过去分词,如果表示状态是系表结构,如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。区别: The window is broken.(系表) The window was broken by the boy.(被动) 有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的,不表示被动,只表示完成。如: boiled water(开水) fallen leaves(落叶) newly arrived goods(新到的货) the risen sun(升起的太阳) the changed world(变了的世界) 这类过去分词有:gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。 3.过去分词作宾语补足语: I heard the song sung several times last week. 上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。 有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语: With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了,他们出去玩去了。 4.过去分词作状语: Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents. 受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。(表示原因) Once seen, it can never be forgotten. 一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了。(表示时间) Given more time, I"ll be able to do it better. 如果给予更多的时间,我能做得更好。(表示条件) Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy. 虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。(表示让步)
2023-07-11 06:01:501

非谓语性动词是怎么回事?怎么使用

be动词一类的联系动词不定式动名词现在分词过去分词具体的建议查语法书。
2023-07-11 06:02:002

英语中非谓语动词用法?老是错在单选题中。

(一)动词不定式:(to)+do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。 否定式:not + (to) do (1)一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后, 例如: I"m glad to meet you. He seems to know a lot. We plan to pay a visit. He wants to be an artist. The patient asked to be operated on at once. The teacher ordered the work to be done. (2)进行式:不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如: The boy pretended to be working hard. He seems to be reading in his room. (3)完成式:不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如: I regretted to have told a lie. I happened to have seen the film. He is pleased to have met his friend. 2.不定式的句法功能: (1)作主语: To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. To lose your heart means failure. 动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式: It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. It means failure to lose your heart. 常用句式有:1、It+be+名词+to do。2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。3、It+be+形容词+of sb +to do。4、It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do。常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词,不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。 (2)作表语: Her job is to clean the hall. He appears to have caught a cold. (3)作宾语: 常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式(宾语)后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语(不定式)后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如: Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如: I have no choice but to stay here. He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike. 动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如: He gave us some advice on how to learn English. (4)作宾语补足语: 在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite. 此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如: With a lot of work to do, he didn"t go to the cinema. 有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时,不定式要加to, 如: I saw him cross the road. He was seen to cross the road. (5)作定语: 动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系: ①动宾关系: I have a meeting to attend. 注意:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如: He found a good house to live in. The child has nothing to worry about. What did you open it with? 如果不定式修饰time, place, way,可以省略介词: He has no place to live. This is the best way to work out this problem. 如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者,不定式可用主动式也可用被动式: Have you got anything to send? Have you got anything to be sent? ②说明所修饰名词的内容: We have made a plan to finish the work. ③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语: He is the first to get here. (6)作状语: ①表目的: He worked day and night to get the money. She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 注意不定式放句首时,逻辑主语与句子主语要一致: wrong:To save money, every means has been tried. right:To save money, he has tried every means. wrong:To learn English well, a dictionary is needed. right:To learn English well, he needs a dictionary. ②表结果: He arrived late to find the train gone. 常用only放在不定式前表示强调: I visited him only to find him out. ③表原因: They were very sad to hear the news. ④表程度: It"s too dark for us to see anything. The question is simple for him to answer. (7)作独立成分: To tell you the truth, I don"t like the way he talked. (8)不定式的省略:保留to省略do动词。 If you don"t want to do it, you don"t need to. (9)不定式的并列:第二个不定式可省略to。 He wished to study medicine and become a doctor. (二)动名词: 动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能。 1.动名词的形式: Ving 否定式:not + 动名词 (1)一般式: Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 (2)被动式: He came to the party without being invited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会。 (3)完成式: We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。 (4)完成被动式: He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old. 他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。 (5)否定式:not + 动名词 I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。 (6)复合结构:物主代词(或名词所有格)+ 动名词 He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。 His not knowing English troubled him a lot. 他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。 2.动名词的句法功能: (1)作主语: Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。 Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。 当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。 It"s no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的。 (2)作表语: In the ant city, the queen"s job is laying eggs. 在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵。 (3)作宾语: They haven"t finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。 We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染。 注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面两个例句。此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,则常用形式宾语it,例如: We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。 要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语: enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid(避免), excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit(承认),deny(否认), mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk(冒险), appreciate(感激), be busy, be worth, feel like, can"t stand, can"t help(情不自禁地), think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…(from),protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like (4)作定语: He can"t walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。 Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你们学校有游泳池吗? (5)作同位语: The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞,他藏身的地方很秘密。 His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged. 他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。 (三)现在分词: 现在分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。 1、现在分词的形式: 否定式:not + 现在分词 (1)现在分词的主动语态:现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,完成 式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,常作状语。例如: They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。 Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业,他开始打篮球。 (2)现在分词的被动语态:一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作,完成式表示发生在谓语动 词之前的被动的动作。 The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。 Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. 被告诉了好几遍,这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。 2.现在分词的句法功能: (1)作定语:现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语做定语 放在名词后。 In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了。 The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor"s father. 正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。 现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如:in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher. (2)现在分词作表语: The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒。 The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心。 be + doing既可能表示现在进行时,也可能是现在分词做表语,它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时,而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。 (3)作宾语补足语: 如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语: see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。例如: Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗? He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。 (4)现在分词作状语: ①作时间状语: (While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 在工厂工作时,他是一名先进工人。 ②作原因状语: Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员,他经常帮助他人。 ③作方式状语,表示伴随: He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里,又擦又洗。 ④作条件状语: (If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. 要是整天玩,你就会浪费宝贵的时间。 ⑤作结果状语: He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了,结果摔得粉碎。 ⑥作目的状语: He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。 ⑦作让步状语: Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 虽然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了。 ⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格: I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head. 我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。 All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。 Time permitting, we"ll do another two exercises. 如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。 有时也可用with (without) +名词(代词宾格)+分词形式 With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。 ⑨作独立成分: udging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor. 从外表看,他一定是个演员。 Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来,女孩子更细心。 (四)过去分词: 过去分词只有一种形式:规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求,要一一记住。 过去分词的句法功能: 1.过去分词作定语: Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。 Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会。 注意当过去分词是单词时,一般用于名词前,如果是过去分词短语,就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。 2.过去分词作表语: The window is broken. 窗户破了。 They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。 注意:be + 过去分词,如果表示状态是系表结构,如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。区别: The window is broken.(系表) The window was broken by the boy.(被动) 有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的,不表示被动,只表示完成。如: boiled water(开水) fallen leaves(落叶) newly arrived goods(新到的货) the risen sun(升起的太阳) the changed world(变了的世界) 这类过去分词有:gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。 3.过去分词作宾语补足语: I heard the song sung several times last week. 上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。 有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语: With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了,他们出去玩去了。 4.过去分词作状语: Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents. 受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。(表示原因) Once seen, it can never be forgotten. 一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了。(表示时间) Given more time, I"ll be able to do it better. 如果给予更多的时间,我能做得更好。(表示条件) Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy. 虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。(表示让步) Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充满了希望与恐惧,他走进山洞。 常考的非谓语动词是说不准的,因为高考考的是语法的运用,只要以上掌握了,就达到高考的要求了,题目是千变万化的,你掌握了就不怕考什么了。 祝你学习进步,希望能够帮助到您!
2023-07-11 06:02:081

谁能说一下 非谓语动词的用法 和 区别

动词一般做谓语~表示一个动作的发生~非谓语动词是“动词”的一种变体形式,使它失去了做谓语的功能~非谓语动词的表现形式一般有两种~1.现在分词2.动名词现在分词和动名词都是动词的ing形式~~现在分词:多少还有点动词的意义~动名词:是加上ing后,名词化了。比如:theworkingpeopleworking做定语,形容people。说people在working.所以它还有动词的意义。thesittingroom并不是说room在sitting。而是说room是forpeopletositsitting完全名词化了~也做定语!最简单的方法~现在分词做定语的时候可以倒过来说~比如thelaughinggirl,thegirlislaughing但动名词做定语就不能倒过来~比如thesittingroom不能说theroomissitting
2023-07-11 06:02:313

refuse与turn down 在用法上有什么区别

个人认为,都表示拒绝但refuse口气比较直接坚硬一点,turn down 则缓和些,当然搭配也不同refuse to do sth.turn sth/sb down.
2023-07-11 06:03:244