There be句型用法如何用~？

结构

There be + sth + 地点状语

　　There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花。 　　There is some money in the purse. 钱包里有些钱。

There be + no + n. + in doing sth

　　1.其中名词为表“利弊”、“用途”的抽象名词，如： 　　There is no good in going. 去没有什么好处。 　　There is no harm in doing that. 那样做并无害处。 　　2.其中名词为表“价值”、“意义”的抽象名词，如： 　　There is no sense in waiting here. 在这里等候下去毫无意义。 　　There is no disgrace in failing once. 一旦失败也不丢脸。 　　（注：此结构中的介词可以省略，如：There is no use asking her—she doesn"t know anything.）

There is + no + doing something

　　1.其中的动词（do）多为“转述”或“认知”等意义的动词，如：tell, say, know等，其后一般跟疑问句，如when，what等。 　　There is no saying what may happen. 很难说会发生什么事。 　　There is no telling when he will return. 说不清他何时回来。 　　There is no knowing when we shall meet again. 不知何时我们能再相会。 　　2.其他动词，其意义相当灵活。 　　There is no mistaking what ought to be done. 应该做什么是清楚的。 　　There is no denying the fact. 事实无可否认。 　　There is no holding back the wheel of history. 历史的车轮不能倒转。 　　There is no getting along with him. 他很难相处。 　　Once she starts talking, there is no stopping her. 一旦她打开话匣子，就说个没完。 　　There is no joking with him. 和他不能开玩笑。

There is + no + Action Noun

　　1.此结构的含义相当于It"s impossible /unnecessary to do something。 　　There is no hurry about it. 没有必要这么急匆匆的。 　　There is no question of his honesty. 他的诚实是勿庸置疑的。 　　2.有时，在此结构中的Action Noun被动名词形式所取代，其意义不变。： 　　There is no escape from the evident. 　　There is no escaping the fact. 　　两句都表示：无法逃（躲）避…… 但是，有时也存在意义上的区别， 　　A.There is no doubt at all about it. 　　B.There is no doubting her virtue. 　　句A为“存在句”，意即：对于此事不存在任何的疑问。 句B则是不表“存在”的一种惯用结构，意即：她的贞操勿庸置疑。 　　3.以上三种结构除用于陈述句外，尚可见于疑问句。如： 　　Is there any use in discussing the matter further? 这种事再讨论下去有何益处？ 　　Is there any hurry about it? 这事需要匆忙吗？ 　　此惯用结构中的be有时可与情态动词连用，其语气更趋委婉。如： 　　There could be no mistaking where he had come from. 他从哪里来是相当清楚的。 　　此结构中的no也不是一成不变的，它可被其他形式所取代。如： 　　There isn"t any getting away from it. 要从它那里逃脱是不可能的。 　　There was never believing half of what he said. 他的话连一半也不信。 　　There"s never any predicting what they will do next. 无法料及他们下一步将会干什么

There be结构中的be动词的确定

　　1. there be 结构中的谓语动词be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is,是复数时用are。如: 　　There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花。 　　There is some money in the purse. 钱包里有些钱。 　　2. 若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。如: 　　There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house. 　　房子里有一个男孩,一个女孩和两个妇女。 　　There are ten students and a teacher in the office. 办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。 　　3. 另外,在陈述句中为了强调地点,也可将介词短语提置句首。如: 　　In the tree there are five birds. 树上有五只鸟。There be 结构的句型转换

否定句

　　there be的否定式通常在be后加not构成(在口语中be时常与not缩写在一起)。如果句中有some,一般要变成any。如: 　　There are some children in the picture. →There aren"t any children in the picture.

一般疑问句及其答语

　　把be提到there前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。其肯定答语是Yes, there is / are;否定答语为No, there isn"t / aren"t。如: 　　—Are there two cats in the tree? 　　—Yes, there are. (No, there aren"t.)

特殊疑问句及其回答

　　①提问句子的主语(包括主语前的修饰语)时,句型一律用"what is + 地点介词短语?"(无论主语是单数还是复数都用is)。如: 　　There are some birds in the tree. →What"s in the tree? 　　②就there be后面的地点状语进行提问时,句型用"where is / are + 主语?"如: 　　There is a car in the street. →Where is the car? 　　③提问可数名词(主语)前的数量时,用how many,句型结构为"how many +复数名词 + are there + 其它?"(主语无论是单数还是复数,be通常要用are)。

注意

　　当there be后面的名词时单数或不可数名词时be用is，当后面是可数名词复数时，be用are。 　　“there be...”句型是存在句的常用基本结构，there在句中处于主语位置，起形式主语的作用，真正的主语是随后的名词词组。其谓语动词通常是be的各种时、体等形式。如： 　　There is ice on the lake. 湖上有冰。 　　There were three students in the classroom then. 当时教室有三个学生。 　　There has never been anybody like you. 从来还没有像你这样的人。 　　There will be snow on high ground.在高地上将会有雪。 　　除此之外, there be句型还有一些特殊的结构： 　　1. there + 情态助动词 + be表示 “预见”、“可能”、“必然”或“过去习惯存在”等。如： 　　There might be some desserts if you wait a bit. 如果你等一会儿，可能会有甜点。 　　There ought to have been someone on duty all the time. 本来应该有人全天值班。 　　There shall be no more wars. 再也不会打仗了。 　　也可以用there + 某些半助动词 + be(很少使用完成体形式)，如：be going to, be certain to, be sure to, be likely to, have to be等。 　　There is going to be a rain. 要下雨了。 　　There"s likely to be an interview.可能会有一场面试。 　　There has to be a mistake. 必定有错。 　　2. 在正式文体中，某些表示存在、发生、出现、坐落等意义的不及物动词也可以与there连用，如：appear, seem, come, remain, exist, live, stand, lie, arise, enter, follow, occur, rise, grow, happen, belong, arrive, fly, flash, sail, pass, run, spring up, emerge等。如： 　　There exist many ancient temples in the country. 那个国家有很多古老的寺庙。 　　There lies a small village in the mountain.山里有个小村子。 　　Once upon a time, there lived an old queer man in the city. 从前，城里住着个怪老头。 　　There remains nothing more to be done. 没有什么别的事可做了。 　　There followed the first world war. 接着就是第一次世界大战。 　　There flashed through his mind the image of a heroic fighter.他的头脑中闪过英雄战士的形象。 　　There sprang up a wild gale.突然刮起一阵狂风。 　　偶尔也能见到there后接及物动词： 　　There struck me a sudden idea. 突然我有了一个主意。 　　如果句中的地点状语前移就可以省略there。 如： 　　Behind the house (there) is a small river. 　　3. there + 不定式to be 或there + being形式，称为非限定存在句，可以作主语、宾语、介词补足成分。 　　1) 作主语 　　There being a railway station in the town is a great advantage. 镇上有个火车站，真方便呀！ 　　“there to be+NP”作主语时，通常用for作引导词: 　　　For there to be a mistake in a computer"s arithmetic is impossible. 计算机计算错误是不可能的。 　　It was seldom for there to be no late comers. 新来者很少没有迟到的。 　　2) 作宾语 　　The committee anticipated there being less debate in the second discussion. 委员会期望在第二次讨论中争议能少一些。 　　We expect there to be no objections. 我们希望不会有人反对。 　　I"d prefer there to be more cooperation. 我希望有更多的合作。 　　3) 作介词补足成分 　　介词是for, 用there to be形式；介词不是for，则用there being形式。 　　What"s the chance of there being an election this year?今年进行选举的可能性有多大？ 　　We have no objection to there being a meeting here. 在这儿举行会议，我们不反对。 　　Jill is waiting for there to be a big party.吉尔等着举行一次盛大的晚会。 　　此外，there + being形式还可以用作状语分句，形成独立主格结构： 　　There being no further discussion, the chairman stood up and left the meeting-room.没有可讨论的了，主席站了起来，离开了会议室。 　　There having been no rain，the stream was dry. 一直没有下雨，小溪都干涸了。

句式分辨

　　“there be...”句型的难点在于它的非限定形式, 怎样分辨使用there to be 和there being 呢? 两个要点是关键：它们在句子中的成分及与句子中其他成分的搭配关系。如非限定形式的第2小点中的例句：anticipate与there being搭配，而expect 和prefer与there to be配伍。

There be + sth + 地点状语

　　There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花。 　　There is some money in the purse. 钱包里有些钱。

There be + no + n. + in doing sth

　　1.其中名词为表“利弊”、“用途”的抽象名词，如： 　　There is no good in going. 去没有什么好处。 　　There is no harm in doing that. 那样做并无害处。 　　2.其中名词为表“价值”、“意义”的抽象名词，如： 　　There is no sense in waiting here. 在这里等候下去毫无意义。 　　There is no disgrace in failing once. 一旦失败也不丢脸。 　　（注：此结构中的介词可以省略，如：There is no use asking her—she doesn"t know anything.）

There is + no + doing something

　　1.其中的动词（do）多为“转述”或“认知”等意义的动词，如：tell, say, know等，其后一般跟疑问句，如when，what等。 　　There is no saying what may happen. 很难说会发生什么事。 　　There is no telling when he will return. 说不清他何时回来。 　　There is no knowing when we shall meet again. 不知何时我们能再相会。 　　2.其他动词，其意义相当灵活。 　　There is no mistaking what ought to be done. 应该做什么是清楚的。 　　There is no denying the fact. 事实无可否认。 　　There is no holding back the wheel of history. 历史的车轮不能倒转。 　　There is no getting along with him. 他很难相处。 　　Once she starts talking, there is no stopping her. 一旦她打开话匣子，就说个没完。 　　There is no joking with him. 和他不能开玩笑。

There is + no + Action Noun

　　1.此结构的含义相当于It"s impossible /unnecessary to do something。 　　There is no hurry about it. 没有必要这么急匆匆的。 　　There is no question of his honesty. 他的诚实是勿庸置疑的。 　　2.有时，在此结构中的Action Noun被动名词形式所取代，其意义不变。： 　　There is no escape from the evident. 　　There is no escaping the fact. 　　两句都表示：无法逃（躲）避…… 但是，有时也存在意义上的区别， 　　A.There is no doubt at all about it. 　　B.There is no doubting her virtue. 　　句A为“存在句”，意即：对于此事不存在任何的疑问。 句B则是不表“存在”的一种惯用结构，意即：她的贞操勿庸置疑。 　　3.以上三种结构除用于陈述句外，尚可见于疑问句。如： 　　Is there any use in discussing the matter further? 这种事再讨论下去有何益处？ 　　Is there any hurry about it? 这事需要匆忙吗？ 　　此惯用结构中的be有时可与情态动词连用，其语气更趋委婉。如： 　　There could be no mistaking where he had come from. 他从哪里来是相当清楚的。 　　此结构中的no也不是一成不变的，它可被其他形式所取代。如： 　　There isn"t any getting away from it. 要从它那里逃脱是不可能的。 　　There was never believing half of what he said. 他的话连一半也不信。 　　There"s never any predicting what they will do next. 无法料及他们下一步将会干什么

There be结构中的be动词的确定

　　1. there be 结构中的谓语动词be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is,是复数时用are。如: 　　There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花。 　　There is some money in the purse. 钱包里有些钱。 　　2. 若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。如: 　　There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house. 　　房子里有一个男孩,一个女孩和两个妇女。 　　There are ten students and a teacher in the office. 办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。 　　3. 另外,在陈述句中为了强调地点,也可将介词短语提置句首。如: 　　In the tree there are five birds. 树上有五只鸟。There be 结构的句型转换

否定句

　　there be的否定式通常在be后加not构成(在口语中be时常与not缩写在一起)。如果句中有some,一般要变成any。如: 　　There are some children in the picture. →There aren"t any children in the picture.

一般疑问句及其答语

　　把be提到there前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。其肯定答语是Yes, there is / are;否定答语为No, there isn"t / aren"t。如: 　　—Are there two cats in the tree? 　　—Yes, there are. (No, there aren"t.)

特殊疑问句及其回答

　　①提问句子的主语(包括主语前的修饰语)时,句型一律用"what is + 地点介词短语?"(无论主语是单数还是复数都用is)。如: 　　There are some birds in the tree. →What"s in the tree? 　　②就there be后面的地点状语进行提问时,句型用"where is / are + 主语?"如: 　　There is a car in the street. →Where is the car? 　　③提问可数名词(主语)前的数量时,用how many,句型结构为"how many +复数名词 + are there + 其它?"(主语无论是单数还是复数,be通常要用are)。

注意

　　当there be后面的名词时单数或不可数名词时be用is，当后面是可数名词复数时，be用are。 　　“there be...”句型是存在句的常用基本结构，there在句中处于主语位置，起形式主语的作用，真正的主语是随后的名词词组。其谓语动词通常是be的各种时、体等形式。如： 　　There is ice on the lake. 湖上有冰。 　　There were three students in the classroom then. 当时教室有三个学生。 　　There has never been anybody like you. 从来还没有像你这样的人。 　　There will be snow on high ground.在高地上将会有雪。 　　除此之外, there be句型还有一些特殊的结构： 　　1. there + 情态助动词 + be表示 “预见”、“可能”、“必然”或“过去习惯存在”等。如： 　　There might be some desserts if you wait a bit. 如果你等一会儿，可能会有甜点。 　　There ought to have been someone on duty all the time. 本来应该有人全天值班。 　　There shall be no more wars. 再也不会打仗了。 　　也可以用there + 某些半助动词 + be(很少使用完成体形式)，如：be going to, be certain to, be sure to, be likely to, have to be等。 　　There is going to be a rain. 要下雨了。 　　There"s likely to be an interview.可能会有一场面试。 　　There has to be a mistake. 必定有错。 　　2. 在正式文体中，某些表示存在、发生、出现、坐落等意义的不及物动词也可以与there连用，如：appear, seem, come, remain, exist, live, stand, lie, arise, enter, follow, occur, rise, grow, happen, belong, arrive, fly, flash, sail, pass, run, spring up, emerge等。如： 　　There exist many ancient temples in the country. 那个国家有很多古老的寺庙。 　　There lies a small village in the mountain.山里有个小村子。 　　Once upon a time, there lived an old queer man in the city. 从前，城里住着个怪老头。 　　There remains nothing more to be done. 没有什么别的事可做了。 　　There followed the first world war. 接着就是第一次世界大战。 　　There flashed through his mind the image of a heroic fighter.他的头脑中闪过英雄战士的形象。 　　There sprang up a wild gale.突然刮起一阵狂风。 　　偶尔也能见到there后接及物动词： 　　There struck me a sudden idea. 突然我有了一个主意。 　　如果句中的地点状语前移就可以省略there。 如： 　　Behind the house (there) is a small river. 　　3. there + 不定式to be 或there + being形式，称为非限定存在句，可以作主语、宾语、介词补足成分。 　　1) 作主语 　　There being a railway station in the town is a great advantage. 镇上有个火车站，真方便呀！ 　　“there to be+NP”作主语时，通常用for作引导词: 　　　For there to be a mistake in a computer"s arithmetic is impossible. 计算机计算错误是不可能的。 　　It was seldom for there to be no late comers. 新来者很少没有迟到的。 　　2) 作宾语 　　The committee anticipated there being less debate in the second discussion. 委员会期望在第二次讨论中争议能少一些。 　　We expect there to be no objections. 我们希望不会有人反对。 　　I"d prefer there to be more cooperation. 我希望有更多的合作。 　　3) 作介词补足成分 　　介词是for, 用there to be形式；介词不是for，则用there being形式。 　　What"s the chance of there being an election this year?今年进行选举的可能性有多大？ 　　We have no objection to there being a meeting here. 在这儿举行会议，我们不反对。 　　Jill is waiting for there to be a big party.吉尔等着举行一次盛大的晚会。 　　此外，there + being形式还可以用作状语分句，形成独立主格结构： 　　There being no further discussion, the chairman stood up and left the meeting-room.没有可讨论的了，主席站了起来，离开了会议室。 　　There having been no rain，the stream was dry. 一直没有下雨，小溪都干涸了

There be结构用法详

1. there be结构的主谓一致

在英语里表示什么地方或时间存在什么事情就用此结构，句子的结尾往往带有地点状语或时间状语。其中there是引导词，本身没有词意，be是谓语动词，be后面的名词是主语。be的数与后面的名词一致，若be后是两个或多个并列的名词，be则与靠得最近的那个名词的数一致。如：

There was a meeting yesterday. 昨天有个会议。

There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔、两本书和好些铅笔。

比较：There are two books, a pen and many pencils on the desk.

2. there be与have的比较

(1) 用法不同：there be 表示某个时间或地方“存在”某人或某物，而have表示主语“拥有”某人或某物，作宾语的某人或某物属主语所有。

(2) 结构不同：there be + sb./sth. +时间/地点(副词或介词短语)；sb./sth. + have +sb./sth. else

There are some children in the garden.花园里有几个孩子。

She has three cars. 她拥有三辆汽车。(汽车是属于她的)

注：若是部分与整体关系时，有时用两种表达方式都可以。如：

A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一周有七天。

3. there be的否定和疑问

(1) 否定式：be后面加not(any)或no。如：

There are not any boats on the river. 河上没有船。

(2) 疑问句：是把be移到there的前面来。如：

Are there any boat on the river? 河上有船吗？

Yes, there are..(No, there are not.) 有。（没有。）

注：若有别的助动词时就不一样了，请看：

There won"t be a football match tomorrow, will there? 明天没有足球赛，对吗？

There usedn"t to be a tall tree here, used/didn"t ther? 以前这里有棵高树，是不是？

There seems to be something wrong with you, doesn"t there? 你好像有些不舒服，对吗？

There happened to be a well there, didn"t there? 那里碰巧有口井，是不是？

4. there be结构的时态

there be结构有不同的时态，而且可以和各种助动词或情态动词连用。如：

There was a sport meeting in the playground yesterday. 昨天运动场举行了一场运动会。

There will be (=There is going to be) a new film show on Monday. 星期一将有一场新电影放。

There is to be a concert at the school hall. 学校礼堂有场音乐会。

There have been a lot of accidents round here. 这里已经发生多起事故了。

He told me that there had been an argument between them. 他告诉我们之间发生了一场争论。

There will have been a definite result by Friday. 到星期五前就已经有明确的结果了。

There must be a mistake somewhere. 一定在什么地方有错误。

There must have been a rain last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下了雨，因为地是湿的。

5. there be结构的变体

该结构中，有时be还可以被live, exist, lie, stand, seem, rise, remain, happen, come, go等动词代替。如：

Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一个老人。

There remained just twenty-eight pounds. 只剩二十八英镑了。

There seems little doubt that he is insane. 似乎没有多少疑问他的神经不正常。

6. there be的非限定形式

there be的非限定形式是there to be和there being，主要用来做介词或动词的宾语、主语或状语。如：

Have you ever thought of there being so many interesting films for you to choose from?没想到过有这么多有趣的电影供你选择吧？

John was relying on there being another opportunity. 约翰相信另有机会。

There being a bus stop so near my house is a great advantage. 有公交车停在离我房子这么近的地方是很大的优势。

There having been no rain, the ground was dry. 由于没有下雨，地上很干燥。

It"s unusual for there to be so few people in the street. (=It"s unusual that there are so few people in the street) 这条街上这么少的人是不寻常的。

It was too late for there to be any subways. 太晚了，不会有地铁了。

Would you like there to be a meeting to discuss the problem? 你们要开个会讨论一下这个问题吗?

I don"t want there to be a simple mistake in the article that I have written. 我不想我写的这篇文章中有错误。

I except there to be no argument about this. 我期限望对此事没有争论的。

注：there to be常做like, expect, mean, want, intend, prefer, hate等的复合宾语。

7. there be的固定句型

There be +名词或代词+to do (+介词) 有某事要做

There be + some/no+ trouble/difficulty ( in) doing sth/with sth. 做某事(没)有困难

There be + some/no + doubt about/as to sth / that… 对某事(没)有疑问

There is no sense/use/good/point (in) doing sth 做某事没有道理/用处/好处/意义

There is no need (for sb.) to do sth/that… (某人)做某事没有必要

There is no chance/possibility to do sth/of doing sth./that… 没有做某事的机会/可能性

There was no arguing with her. 没法和她争辩。

There is a time when...有做某事的一段时间

结构

There be + sth + 地点状语

　　There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花。 　　There is some money in the purse. 钱包里有些钱。

There be + no + n. + in doing sth

　　1.其中名词为表“利弊”、“用途”的抽象名词，如： 　　There is no good in going. 去没有什么好处。 　　There is no harm in doing that. 那样做并无害处。 　　2.其中名词为表“价值”、“意义”的抽象名词，如： 　　There is no sense in waiting here. 在这里等候下去毫无意义。 　　There is no disgrace in failing once. 一旦失败也不丢脸。 　　（注：此结构中的介词可以省略，如：There is no use asking her—she doesn"t know anything.）

There is + no + doing something

　　1.其中的动词（do）多为“转述”或“认知”等意义的动词，如：tell, say, know等，其后一般跟疑问句，如when，what等。 　　There is no saying what may happen. 很难说会发生什么事。 　　There is no telling when he will return. 说不清他何时回来。 　　There is no knowing when we shall meet again. 不知何时我们能再相会。 　　2.其他动词，其意义相当灵活。 　　There is no mistaking what ought to be done. 应该做什么是清楚的。 　　There is no denying the fact. 事实无可否认。 　　There is no holding back the wheel of history. 历史的车轮不能倒转。 　　There is no getting along with him. 他很难相处。 　　Once she starts talking, there is no stopping her. 一旦她打开话匣子，就说个没完。 　　There is no joking with him. 和他不能开玩笑。

There is + no + Action Noun

　　1.此结构的含义相当于It"s impossible /unnecessary to do something。 　　There is no hurry about it. 没有必要这么急匆匆的。 　　There is no question of his honesty. 他的诚实是勿庸置疑的。 　　2.有时，在此结构中的Action Noun被动名词形式所取代，其意义不变。： 　　There is no escape from the evident. 　　There is no escaping the fact. 　　两句都表示：无法逃（躲）避…… 但是，有时也存在意义上的区别， 　　A.There is no doubt at all about it. 　　B.There is no doubting her virtue. 　　句A为“存在句”，意即：对于此事不存在任何的疑问。 句B则是不表“存在”的一种惯用结构，意即：她的贞操勿庸置疑。 　　3.以上三种结构除用于陈述句外，尚可见于疑问句。如： 　　Is there any use in discussing the matter further? 这种事再讨论下去有何益处？ 　　Is there any hurry about it? 这事需要匆忙吗？ 　　此惯用结构中的be有时可与情态动词连用，其语气更趋委婉。如： 　　There could be no mistaking where he had come from. 他从哪里来是相当清楚的。 　　此结构中的no也不是一成不变的，它可被其他形式所取代。如： 　　There isn"t any getting away from it. 要从它那里逃脱是不可能的。 　　There was never believing half of what he said. 他的话连一半也不信。 　　There"s never any predicting what they will do next. 无法料及他们下一步将会干什么

There be结构中的be动词的确定

　　1. there be 结构中的谓语动词be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is,是复数时用are。如: 　　There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花。 　　There is some money in the purse. 钱包里有些钱。 　　2. 若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。如: 　　There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house. 　　房子里有一个男孩,一个女孩和两个妇女。 　　There are ten students and a teacher in the office. 办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。 　　3. 另外,在陈述句中为了强调地点,也可将介词短语提置句首。如: 　　In the tree there are five birds. 树上有五只鸟。There be 结构的句型转换

否定句

　　there be的否定式通常在be后加not构成(在口语中be时常与not缩写在一起)。如果句中有some,一般要变成any。如: 　　There are some children in the picture. →There aren"t any children in the picture.

一般疑问句及其答语

　　把be提到there前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。其肯定答语是Yes, there is / are;否定答语为No, there isn"t / aren"t。如: 　　—Are there two cats in the tree? 　　—Yes, there are. (No, there aren"t.)

特殊疑问句及其回答

　　①提问句子的主语(包括主语前的修饰语)时,句型一律用"what is + 地点介词短语?"(无论主语是单数还是复数都用is)。如: 　　There are some birds in the tree. →What"s in the tree? 　　②就there be后面的地点状语进行提问时,句型用"where is / are + 主语?"如: 　　There is a car in the street. →Where is the car? 　　③提问可数名词(主语)前的数量时,用how many,句型结构为"how many +复数名词 + are there + 其它?"(主语无论是单数还是复数,be通常要用are)。

注意

　　当there be后面的名词时单数或不可数名词时be用is，当后面是可数名词复数时，be用are。 　　“there be...”句型是存在句的常用基本结构，there在句中处于主语位置，起形式主语的作用，真正的主语是随后的名词词组。其谓语动词通常是be的各种时、体等形式。如： 　　There is ice on the lake. 湖上有冰。 　　There were three students in the classroom then. 当时教室有三个学生。 　　There has never been anybody like you. 从来还没有像你这样的人。 　　There will be snow on high ground.在高地上将会有雪。 　　除此之外, there be句型还有一些特殊的结构： 　　1. there + 情态助动词 + be表示 “预见”、“可能”、“必然”或“过去习惯存在”等。如： 　　There might be some desserts if you wait a bit. 如果你等一会儿，可能会有甜点。 　　There ought to have been someone on duty all the time. 本来应该有人全天值班。 　　There shall be no more wars. 再也不会打仗了。 　　也可以用there + 某些半助动词 + be(很少使用完成体形式)，如：be going to, be certain to, be sure to, be likely to, have to be等。 　　There is going to be a rain. 要下雨了。 　　There"s likely to be an interview.可能会有一场面试。 　　There has to be a mistake. 必定有错。 　　2. 在正式文体中，某些表示存在、发生、出现、坐落等意义的不及物动词也可以与there连用，如：appear, seem, come, remain, exist, live, stand, lie, arise, enter, follow, occur, rise, grow, happen, belong, arrive, fly, flash, sail, pass, run, spring up, emerge等。如： 　　There exist many ancient temples in the country. 那个国家有很多古老的寺庙。 　　There lies a small village in the mountain.山里有个小村子。 　　Once upon a time, there lived an old queer man in the city. 从前，城里住着个怪老头。 　　There remains nothing more to be done. 没有什么别的事可做了。 　　There followed the first world war. 接着就是第一次世界大战。 　　There flashed through his mind the image of a heroic fighter.他的头脑中闪过英雄战士的形象。 　　There sprang up a wild gale.突然刮起一阵狂风。 　　偶尔也能见到there后接及物动词： 　　There struck me a sudden idea. 突然我有了一个主意。 　　如果句中的地点状语前移就可以省略there。 如： 　　Behind the house (there) is a small river. 　　3. there + 不定式to be 或there + being形式，称为非限定存在句，可以作主语、宾语、介词补足成分。 　　1) 作主语 　　There being a railway station in the town is a great advantage. 镇上有个火车站，真方便呀！ 　　“there to be+NP”作主语时，通常用for作引导词: 　　　For there to be a mistake in a computer"s arithmetic is impossible. 计算机计算错误是不可能的。 　　It was seldom for there to be no late comers. 新来者很少没有迟到的。 　　2) 作宾语 　　The committee anticipated there being less debate in the second discussion. 委员会期望在第二次讨论中争议能少一些。 　　We expect there to be no objections. 我们希望不会有人反对。 　　I"d prefer there to be more cooperation. 我希望有更多的合作。 　　3) 作介词补足成分 　　介词是for, 用there to be形式；介词不是for，则用there being形式。 　　What"s the chance of there being an election this year?今年进行选举的可能性有多大？ 　　We have no objection to there being a meeting here. 在这儿举行会议，我们不反对。 　　Jill is waiting for there to be a big party.吉尔等着举行一次盛大的晚会。 　　此外，there + being形式还可以用作状语分句，形成独立主格结构： 　　There being no further discussion, the chairman stood up and left the meeting-room.没有可讨论的了，主席站了起来，离开了会议室。 　　There having been no rain，the stream was dry. 一直没有下雨，小溪都干涸了。

句式分辨

　　“there be...”句型的难点在于它的非限定形式, 怎样分辨使用there to be 和there being 呢? 两个要点是关键：它们在句子中的成分及与句子中其他成分的搭配关系。如非限定形式的第2小点中的例句：anticipate与there being搭配，而expect 和prefer与there to be配伍。

1. there be结构的主谓一致

在英语里表示什么地方或时间存在什么事情就用此结构，句子的结尾往往带有地点状语或时间状语。其中there是引导词，本身没有词意，be是谓语动词，be后面的名词是主语。be的数与后面的名词一致，若be后是两个或多个并列的名词，be则与靠得最近的那个名词的数一致。如：

There was a meeting yesterday. 昨天有个会议。

There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔、两本书和好些铅笔。

比较：There are two books, a pen and many pencils on the desk.

2. there be与have的比较

(1) 用法不同：there be 表示某个时间或地方“存在”某人或某物，而have表示主语“拥有”某人或某物，作宾语的某人或某物属主语所有。

(2) 结构不同：there be + sb./sth. +时间/地点(副词或介词短语)；sb./sth. + have +sb./sth. else

There are some children in the garden.花园里有几个孩子。

She has three cars. 她拥有三辆汽车。(汽车是属于她的)

注：若是部分与整体关系时，有时用两种表达方式都可以。如：

A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一周有七天。

3. there be的否定和疑问

(1) 否定式：be后面加not(any)或no。如：

There are not any boats on the river. 河上没有船。

(2) 疑问句：是把be移到there的前面来。如：

Are there any boat on the river? 河上有船吗？

Yes, there are..(No, there are not.) 有。（没有。）

注：若有别的助动词时就不一样了，请看：

There won"t be a football match tomorrow, will there? 明天没有足球赛，对吗？

There usedn"t to be a tall tree here, used/didn"t ther? 以前这里有棵高树，是不是？

There seems to be something wrong with you, doesn"t there? 你好像有些不舒服，对吗？

There happened to be a well there, didn"t there? 那里碰巧有口井，是不是？

4. there be结构的时态

there be结构有不同的时态，而且可以和各种助动词或情态动词连用。如：

There was a sport meeting in the playground yesterday. 昨天运动场举行了一场运动会。

There will be (=There is going to be) a new film show on Monday. 星期一将有一场新电影放。

There is to be a concert at the school hall. 学校礼堂有场音乐会。

There have been a lot of accidents round here. 这里已经发生多起事故了。

He told me that there had been an argument between them. 他告诉我们之间发生了一场争论。

There will have been a definite result by Friday. 到星期五前就已经有明确的结果了。

There must be a mistake somewhere. 一定在什么地方有错误。

There must have been a rain last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下了雨，因为地是湿的。

5. there be结构的变体

该结构中，有时be还可以被live, exist, lie, stand, seem, rise, remain, happen, come, go等动词代替。如：

Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一个老人。

There remained just twenty-eight pounds. 只剩二十八英镑了。

There seems little doubt that he is insane. 似乎没有多少疑问他的神经不正常。

6. there be的非限定形式

there be的非限定形式是there to be和there being，主要用来做介词或动词的宾语、主语或状语。如：

Have you ever thought of there being so many interesting films for you to choose from?没想到过有这么多有趣的电影供你选择吧？

John was relying on there being another opportunity. 约翰相信另有机会。

There being a bus stop so near my house is a great advantage. 有公交车停在离我房子这么近的地方是很大的优势。

There having been no rain, the ground was dry. 由于没有下雨，地上很干燥。

It"s unusual for there to be so few people in the street. (=It"s unusual that there are so few people in the street) 这条街上这么少的人是不寻常的。

It was too late for there to be any subways. 太晚了，不会有地铁了。

Would you like there to be a meeting to discuss the problem? 你们要开个会讨论一下这个问题吗?

I don"t want there to be a simple mistake in the article that I have written. 我不想我写的这篇文章中有错误。

I except there to be no argument about this. 我期限望对此事没有争论的。

注：there to be常做like, expect, mean, want, intend, prefer, hate等的复合宾语。

7. there be的固定句型

There be +名词或代词+to do (+介词) 有某事要做

There be + some/no+ trouble/difficulty ( in) doing sth/with sth. 做某事(没)有困难

There be + some/no + doubt about/as to sth / that… 对某事(没)有疑问

There is no sense/use/good/point (in) doing sth 做某事没有道理/用处/好处/意义

There is no need (for sb.) to do sth/that… (某人)做某事没有必要

There is no chance/possibility to do sth/of doing sth./that… 没有做某事的机会/可能性

There was no arguing with her. 没法和她争辩。

There is a time when...有做某事的一段时间

There be 结构是一常见的表示“存在”的句型，但是，该结构不表示“存在”意义的现象又广见于书面语及口语，它以否定句的形式出现，用于对某一具体行为和抽象概念的否定。其惯用结构一般有以下三种：

一、There is + no + Noun + in doing something

1.其中名词为表“利弊”、“用途”的抽象名词，如：

There is no good in going. 去没有什么好处。

There is no harm in doing that. 那样做并无害处。

There is no use in doing it. 干此事毫无用处。

2.其中名词为表“价值”、“意义”的抽象名词，如：

There is no sense in waiting here. 在这里等候下去毫无意义。

There is no point in doing so. 这样做毫无意义。

There is no disgrace in failing once. 一旦失败也不丢脸。

（注：此结构中的介词可以省略，如：There is no use asking her—she doesn"t know anything.）

二、There is + no + doing something

1.其中的动词（do）多为“转述”或“认知”等意义的动词，如：tell, say, know等，其后一般跟疑问句，如when，what等。

There is no saying what may happen. 很难说会发生什么事。

There is no telling when he will return. 说不清他何时回来。

There is no knowing when we shall meet again. 不知何时我们能再相会。

2.其他动词，其意义相当灵活。

There is no mistaking what ought to be done. 应该做什么是清楚的。

There is no denying the fact. 事实无可否认。

There is no holding back the wheel of history. 历史的车轮不能倒转。

There is no getting along with him. 他很难相处。

Once she starts talking, there is no stopping her. 一旦她打开话匣子，就说个没完。

There is no joking with him. 和他不能开玩笑。

三、There is + no + Action Noun

此结构的含义相当于It"s impossible /unnecessary to do something。如：

There is no hurry about it. 没有必要这么急匆匆的。

There is no question of his honesty. 他的诚实是勿庸置疑的。

有时，在此结构中的Action Noun被动名词形式所取代，其意义不变。试比较：

There is no escape from the evident.

There is no escaping the fact.

两句都表示：无法逃（躲）避……

但是，有时也存在意义上的区别，试比较：

a. There is no doubt at all about it.

b. There is no doubting her virtue.

句a为“存在句”，意即：对于此事不存在任何的疑问。

句b则是不表“存在”的一种惯用结构，意即：她的贞操勿庸置疑。

以上三种结构除用于陈述句外，尚可见于疑问句。如：

Is there any use in discussing the matter further? 这种事再讨论下去有何益处？

Is there any hurry about it? 这事需要匆忙吗？

此惯用结构中的be有时可与情态动词连用，其语气更趋委婉。如：

There could be no mistaking where he had come from. 他从哪里来是相当清楚的。

此结构中的no也不是一成不变的，它可被其他形式所取代。如：

There isn"t any getting away from it. 要从它那里逃脱是不可能的。

There was never believing half of what he said. 他的话连一半也不信。

There"s never any predicting what they will do next. 无法料及他们下一步将会干什么

There be 是英语中常用句型， 意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”。There在此结构中是引导词，已经没有副词“那里”的含义。There be 后面的名词是句子的主语，属倒装结构。疑问句形式是将be或will/have/can/must等助动词、情态动词提至there之前，否定形式则直接在be或助动词、情态动词后加not，因此要表达“某个地方或某个时间存在什么事物或人”的时候常用“There be + 名词+ 地点（时间）这一句型。例如：There is a great Italian deli across the street. 穿过街道，有一家大的意大利熟食店。There are some students in the dormitory. 在宿舍里有一些学生。举例There are two dogs in the garden.There weren"t any people in the park yesterday.There won"t be another footbool match next Sunday.There have been some changes since you left last week. There is a book on the desk.There can"t be anything new.Must there be an indefinite article here?Is there going to be a post office in the village?there isn"t

There be的意思是“有”，用在句首。

单数的时候用 “There is”

复数的时候用 “There are”

例如：There is a apple on the table.

译：桌子上有一个苹果。

请参考。

There be 包含There is 和There are 都是有的意思。

There be 句型没有从属关系。例如 There is a desk in the room。房间里有一张桌子。

have是有从属关系的。例如 The desk has four legs。桌子有四条腿。

There be句型的用法

一、构成：There be ...句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”，其结构为There be(is，are，was, were )+名词+地点状语。例如：

There are fifty-two students in our class.

There is a pencil in my pencil-case.

There was an old house by the river five years ago.

二、各种句式：

否定句：There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上“not”。也可用“no”来表示。即：no + n.（名词）= not aanany + n.（名词）。注意：no + n.（可数名词单数）= not aan + n.（可数名词单数）；no + n.（可数名词复数）= not any + n.（可数名词复数）；no + n.（不可数名词）= not any + n.（不可数名词）。例如：

There is an orange in her bag.

→There isn"t an orange in her bag.

→There is no orange in her bag.

There are some oranges in her bag.

→There aren"t any oranges in her bag.

→There are no oranges in her bag.

There is some juice in the bottle.

→There isn"t any juice in the bottle.

→There is no juice in the bottle.

一般疑问句：There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。例如：

　　There is some money in her handbag.

　　→ Is there any money in her handbag? (疑问句和否定句中，some改为any, something改为anything.)

There is something new in today"s newspaper.

→There isn"t anything new in today"s newspaper.

→Is there anything new in today"s newspaper?

特殊疑问句：　　

There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式：

① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 “Who"s + 介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用 “What"s + 介词短语?”。其中there在口语中常常省略。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如：

There is a bird in the tree. →What"s in the tree?

There are some bikes over there. →What"s over there?

There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room?

② 对地点状语提问：用 “Where is are + 主语?”表示（注意其答语变化）：例如：

There is a computer in my office.

→ Where is the computer? ----It"s in my office.

There are four children in the classroom.

→Where are the four children?—They" re in the classroom.

③ 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式：

如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？”表示：

There are twelve months in a year.

→How many months are there in a year?

There is only one book in my bag.

→ How many books are there in your bag?

There is a cat in the box.

→ How many cats are there in the box?

如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？”表示：

There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in

your purse?

反意疑问句：There be或There加其它动词，其反意疑问句一律用…there? 例如：

There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn"t there?

There used to be no school here, used there did there?

三、注意事项：

1. There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be动词用“is”“was”。例如：

　　There is a basketball in the box.　

There is a little milk in the glass.　

如果句子的主语是复数名词，be动词就用“are” “were”。例如：

There are many birds in the tree.　

There were many people in the street yesterday.　

如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的 “就近原则”。例如：

　　There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.

　　There are some bananas and an orange in the basket.

2. There与be中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语 (如和将来时be going to will、现在完成时 havehas + pp. 、used to结构等连用，注意其构成形式,这一内容在我们日常练习中经常出现错误,是一难点,也是历年中考试题中的一个考点.)。例如：

There must be a pen in the box.

There happened to be some money in my pocket.

There is going to be a meeting tonight.

There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.

There used to be a church across from the bank.

3. There be句型和havehas的区别：

There be句型表示 “存在有”, havehas表示 “拥有” “所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如：

桌子上有三本书. There are three books on the desk.

我有三本书. I have three books.

4. There be + 主语 + doing +介词短语. 例如：

There is a truck collecting rubish outside.

There is a wallet lying on the ground.

四 、练习：Choose the best answers.

1. There isn"t _____water in the glass. Let"s go and get some.

A. many B. lots C. any D. some

2. There ___a lot of news about Zhang Ziyi on TV last night.

A. was B. had C. is D. were

3. There ____ many changes in the village recently.

A. is B. are C. have been D. to be

4. ---There _______a lot of meat on the plate. Would you like some?

---Just a little, please.

A. is B. are C. am D. be

5. There _______ some books, a ballpen and a ruler on the desk.

A. is B. are C. have D. has

6. There _______ a ballpen, a ruler and some books on the desk.

A. is B. are C. have D. has

7. There is a boy _______at the door.

A. stand B. standing C. stood D. is standing

8. ---_______is in the house?

--- There is an old women in the house.

A. What B. Whose C. Who D.Which

9. There used to be a tower here, _____?

A. usedn"t it B. used there C. didn"t it D. didn"t there

10. There ____a meeting tonight.

A. is going be B. is going to have C. is going to D. is going to be

Key 1-5 CACAB 6-10 ABCDD