- CarieVinne
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解释:动词的ing形式如果是名词,这个词称动名词。一、动名词的作用 动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 1、作主语 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山是真有趣。 Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer. 在这种工作条件下工作不是愉快而是痛苦。 动名词作主语,有时先用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。如: It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 洒掉的牛奶哭也没用。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。 It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。 动名词作主语的几种类型 动名词可以在句子中充当名词所能充当的多种句子成分。在这里仅就动名词在句子中作主语的情况进行讨论。 动名词作主语有如下几种常见情况: 1. 直接位于句首做主语。例如: Swimming is a good sport in summer. 2. 用 it 作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 动名词做主语时,不太常用 it 作先行主语,多见于某些形容词及名词之后。例如: It is no use telling him not to worry. 常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有:better,wonderful,enjoyable,interesting,foolish,difficult,useless,senseless,worthwhile,等。 注意:important,essential,necessary 等形容词不能用于上述结构。 3. 用于“There be”结构中。例如: There is no saying when he"ll come.很难说他何时回来。 4. 用于布告形式的省略结构中。例如: No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ). No parking. 5. 动名词的复合结构作主语 当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时,常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格,构成动名词的复合结构(——这时,名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语)。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。例如: Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 6.例词 shopping fishing cycling这些都是很常见的动名词 二、动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较 动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作,不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。比较: Smoking is not good for health. It is not good for you to smoke so much. 注意: 1)在口语中,用动名词作主语位于句首的较不定式多见。 2)在“It is no use...”,“It is no good...”,“It is fun...”,“It is a waste of time...”等句型中,通常用动名词作真实主语: It is no use/good/a waste of time talking about that. *It is no use/good/a waste of time to talk about that. 3)在疑问句中,通常用动名词的复合结构,而不用不定式的复合结构作主语: Does your saying that mean anything to him? *Does for you to say that mean anything to him? 4)在“There be”句型中,只能用动名词,而不能用不定式作主语: There is no telling what will happen. It is impossible to tell what will happen. 5)当句子中的主语和表语都是非限定动词时,要遵循前后一致的原则,主语和表语在形式上要求统一: Seeing is believing. *To see is to believe. 2、作宾语 (1)作动词的宾语 某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有:advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, delay, practise, resist, suggest, depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, can"t stand, be used to, get used to, devote…to…, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to等。如: They went on walking and never stopped talking. 他们继续走,说个不停。 I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上走真是乐事。 (2)作介词的宾语 We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。 Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们休息呢还是开始干活? (3)作形容词的宾语 The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这种曲子很值得多听几遍。 We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. 我们正为马上到来的运动会忙着做准备。 3、作表语 动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系,表示主语的内容,主语、表语可互换位置。 Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaning the windows is your task.) What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what I hate most.) 4、作定语 动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如: a walking stick =a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing a reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for reading a measuring tape=a tape for measuring=a tape which is used for measuring sleeping pills=pills for sleeping=pills which is used for sleeping二、动名词的逻辑主语 带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格,这便构成了动名词的复合结构。其中物主代词(名词所有格)是逻辑上的主语,动名词是逻辑上的谓语。动名词复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,分别相当于一个主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。如: Her coming to help encouraged all of us. 他来帮忙鼓舞了我。 (=That she came to help encouraged all of us.) Jane"s being careless caused so much trouble. 简这么粗心惹来了不少麻烦。 (=That Jane was careless caused so much trouble.) What"s troubling them is their not having enough food. 烦扰他们的是食物不足。 (=What"s troubling them is that they have not enough food.) 在口语中,如果动名词复合结构作宾语,其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格,名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替,但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。如: Would you mind my/me using your computer? 用下你的电脑介意吗? The father insisted on his son"s/his son going to college. 爸爸坚决要求儿子上大学。 Mary"s (不可用Mary) being ill made her mother upset. 玛丽病了,使她妈妈很着急。 His (不可用Him)smoking made his family angry. 他抽烟使他一家人非常生气。 在下列情况下动名词的逻辑主语必须用名词的普通格或人称代词宾语: a.无命名词 The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting. 这个婴儿被猛烈的关门声吵醒。 b. 有生命名词但表示泛指意义 Have you ever heard of women practising boxing? 你听说过妇女练拳击吗? c. 两个以上的有生命名词并列 Do you remember your parents and me telling about this? 你记得你父母和我都告诉过你这事吗?
- 大鱼炖火锅
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动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。
- kikcik
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主语,表语,定语。
动名词作定语
动名词作定语如下:不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种: 把不定式置于句首。用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。如It+is+名词+todoIttakes sb+some time+todoIt+be+形容词+for sb+todoItseems (appears)+形容词+todoIt+不定式结构可位于believe、consider、discover、expec、find、think和wonder之后不定式的完成式也可作句子的主语。注意:其他系动词如,look,appear等也可用于此句型不定式作为句子成分时,动词用单数形式。动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。动名词作主语时,通常表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常表示一件未完成的事或目的。不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语。不定式作主语时的位置比较特殊通常放在句末,而不放在句首。只有一些比较特殊的情况下才直接把不定式放在句首作主语,这种情况往往是有两个不定式构成对比关系。2023-08-05 22:51:431
动名词做定语
动名词作定语,一般只是一个词,表示所修饰的名词的用途。一般可换成:something for doing如drinking water- water for drinkinga swimming pool - a pool for swimminga waiting room - a room for waiting与现在分词定语区别: 现在分词定语一般指正在发生。如 a sleeping boy一个正在睡觉的男孩2023-08-05 22:52:031
动名词能做定语吗?麻烦举例说明
亲,当然不能。阳光是最好的杀虫剂,不过要是没有机会就做好以下几个1.保持干燥,早上起床不要叠被子,掀开或者翻个身都可以2.勤洗被套,床单(记得多用热水烫)3.不要让狗狗跑到卧室哦4.不要在床上吃东西,食物碎屑也是螨虫喜欢的我知道的就这一些了螨虫喜欢潮湿、高温、有棉麻织物或有灰土的环境,湿热的环境正是螨虫发育繁殖最旺盛的季节。因此,干燥、通风就是消灭它们的最佳武器。另外,还要注意:床垫和枕头要用防尘布打包存放。卧室里不要铺地毯,铺地砖或木地板即可。每天都要用湿拖布擦地。2023-08-05 22:52:104
动名词作后置定语的用法
动名词短语可以作定语,放在名词的后面,称为后置定语。但这种后置定语前面一定有介词。如果是动词的-ing形式直接跟在一个名词的后面的话,这是现在分词,而不是动名词。 扩展资料 动名词既有动词性质,又有名词性质。 1)动名词的动词性质表现在:可有宾语和状语从而组成动名词短语。如: I hope you don"t mind my saying it. 我希望你别介意我说的话。(有宾语it) Are you for or against staying here? 你赞成还是反对留在这里?(有状语here) 2)动名词的`名词性质表现在:在句中可用作主语、宾语等。如: Traveling abroad can be very exciting. 出国旅行会是很激动人心的。(用作主语) At Lent he gives up smoking and drinking. 在大斋期,他戒烟酒。(用作宾语)2023-08-05 22:52:191
动名词能做定语吗?麻烦举例说明
可以.动名词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别如下: 动名词作定语是说明所修饰的名词的用途, 如:a reading room, a swimming pool, a waiting room, a sleeping car等. 现在分词作定语是说明所修饰的名词的动作或性质. 如: a flying kite.a running horse, a moving story 等.2023-08-05 22:52:251
谁能告诉我:动名词可以作定语吗
动名词: 动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能。 1.动名词的形式: 否定式:not + 动名词 (1)一般式: Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 (2)被动式: He came to the party without being invited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会。 (3)完成式: We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。 (4)完成被动式: He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old. 他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。 (5)否定式:not + 动名词 I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。 (6)复合结构:物主代词(或名词所有格)+ 动名词 He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。 His not knowing English troubled him a lot. 他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。 2.动名词的句法功能: (1)作主语: Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。 Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。 当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。 It"s no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的。 (2)作表语: In the ant city, the queen"s job is laying eggs. 在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵。 (3)作宾语: They haven"t finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。 We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染。 注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面两个例句。此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,则常用形式宾语it,例如: We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。 要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语: enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid(避免), excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit(承认),deny(否认), mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk(冒险), appreciate(感激), be busy, be worth, feel like, can"t stand, can"t help(情不自禁地), think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…(from),protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like (4)作定语: He can"t walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。 Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你们学校有游泳池吗? (5)作同位语: The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞,他藏身的地方很秘密。 His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged. 他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。2023-08-05 22:52:333
动名词可以当定语?请举例.且其与分词作定语有何区别?
V-ing的用法-----动名词和现在分词的区别 V-ing在英语中可看作是动名词和现在分词. 一.V-ing做动名词 具有名词的特征,在句中作主语,表语,宾语,定语.有时可有自己的逻辑主语. 例子:Seeing(主语) is believing.(表语) ★Would you mind opening the window?(宾语) ★The reading room is bright and large.(定语,表用途/作用) 二.V-ing作现在分词. 具有形容词的特征,在句中当定语,表语,宾补,主补,状语. 例子:The rising sun looks very beautiful.(定语,表动作正在进行) ★The boy talking with the teacher is our monitor.(分词短语当定语则在所修饰名词的后面当后置定语.) = The boy who is talking with the teacher is our monitor. ★The music is exciting.(表语,表主语的性质,特征可用Very,so,such等修饰) ★When I came in,I found many students sleeping.(宾语补足语) 注意:find/see/hear/watch/observe/notice + sb + doing (强调动作正在进行) + do (强调整个过程) catch/keep/leave +sb +doing ★使役动词:have/make sb doing ------ we tried our best,but still couldn"t have the machine running.(强调启动,进入工作状态.在此,现在分词强调进行的状态或持续状态.) have/make/let sb do----------Mother always let the children wash their hands before having meal.(强调与children的关系为主动关系.即children 是wash的执行者) have/make/ let sth done-------My bike is broken,I want to have it repaired.(强调与it 的关系为被动关系.即bike是repair的承受者) get sb doing------we tried our best,but still couldn"t get the machine running.(强调启动,进入工作状态.在此,现在分词强调进行的状态或持续状态.) get sb to do----- Who can get this sick horse to eat?(to do 强调还没发生,或强调整个过程,其跟前面的名词的关系为主动关系.) get sth done------ My bike is broken,I want to get it repaired.(于前面have/make/let sth done一样的用法) 辨析: 一.动名词与现在分词当定语时的辨析: ★动名词:说明它所修饰的名词的作用和用途. ★现在分词:表示它所修饰的名词正在进行的动作,与所修饰的词有逻辑上的主谓关系,相当于一个定语从句. 例如:There is a swimming pool in our school.(动名词,表用途,作用) = There is a pool for swimming in our school. ★I found a sleeping baby on the bed.(现在分词,表正在进行的动作) = I found a baby who is sleeping on the bed. ★The boy standing there is my classmate.(现在分词,表正在进行的动作.)= The boy who is standing there is my classmate. 二.动名词与现在分词当表语时的辨析: ★动名词:表主语的内容,相当于一个名词,不能用very,so,quite等修饰. ★现在分词:表主语的特征或性质.相当于一个形容词,可用very,so quite,such等修饰. 例如:Seeing is believing.(动名词) ★This book is very interesting.(现在分词) 三.现在分词当表语时于进行时的区别: ★现在分词:主语具备的性质,描述的是一种状态. ★进行时:强调动作正在发生,侧重对动作的描述. 例如:The book is very interesting.(现在分词,表示书的性质是一本有趣的书.) ★We are having English class.(进行时,表动作正在进行.)2023-08-05 22:52:401
动名词作定语是什么时态
动名词做定语只表性质或状态,与时态没有关系。如:a waIking stick,一个拐杖,这里的waⅠking表示协助行走的意思,不存在什么时态的问题。2023-08-05 22:52:472
动名词与过去分词作定语修饰时的区别是什么?
动名词与过去分词的区分是:看主句的主语是前面动词的作用者还是被作用者。用过去分词,那么主句的主语是动词的被作用者。如果用动名词,那么主句的主语是动词的作用者2023-08-05 22:53:072
现在分词作定语与动名词作定语的区别
【 #英语资源# 导语】学习英语贵在坚持,找到适合自己的方法,多运用多温故。 整理了大量英语学习资源,一起来看看吧! 现在分词作定语与动名词作定语的区别: 现在分词作定语时,它所修饰的名词通常就是现在分词的逻辑主语,并且通常可转换成一个定语从句;而动名词作定语表示的是被修饰名词的作用、用途等。 比较: a moving truck 正在移动的汽车(moving为现在分词,与truck有主谓关系) a moving truck 搬家汽车(moving为动名词,说明truck的用途) a hunting dog 正在猎物的狗(hunting为现在分词,与dog有主谓关系) a hunting dog 猎狗(hunting为动名词,说明dog的用途) 分词用作状语 分词作状语可以表示多种关系: (1) 表时间: Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off. 见到猫,老鼠就跑了。 The work finished, he went home. 工作做完后,他就回家了。 (2) 表原因: Being very weak, she couldn"t move. 她由于身体虚弱而不能行动。 His car broken down, he had to walk. 他的车坏了,所以只好走路。 Much discouraged,she moved on to London. 她很沮丧,搬到了伦敦。 (3) 表条件: United, we stand; divided, we fall. 团结则存,*则亡。 Given more time, we could have done it better. 如果多给点时间,我们可以做得更好。 Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作,你就可以成功。 Adding them all up, we can find the answer. 如果把它们加起来,我们就可以得到答案。 (4) 表让步: Although living miles away, he attended the course. 虽然住在几英里以外,他仍去上课。 Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了,他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。 (5) 表方式: He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠开卡车谋生。 I"m returning you letter as requested. 我按要求给你退信。 (6) 表伴随: He sat in the chair reading newspapers. 他坐在椅子上看报。 Don"t you sit there doing nothing. 别什么也不干坐在那里。 He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了进来,后面跟着他的妻子。 (7) 表结果: He fired, killing one of the passers-by. 他开枪了,打死了一个过路人。 He died, leaving his wife with five children. 他死了,留下他妻子和五个孩子。 It rained and rained, vehicles bogged and bridges washed out. 雨不停地下,车辆陷入泥沼,桥梁被水冲去。2023-08-05 22:53:231
动名词做定语
所谓动名词,简单地说就是动词+ing变成名词,play是玩的意思,加了ing以后有很多名词的意思,但总是跟玩分不开的。字典的解释有游戏;演奏;演出;参加比赛;捉弄等,视语境而定。2023-08-05 22:53:322
动名词短语作定语的顺序?
动名词做定语只能前置,而前置的定语不能用动名词短语。如 a swimming pool(游泳池),a sleeping car(卧车)。2023-08-05 22:53:381
动名词和形容词同时做定语修饰名词时,哪个在前哪个在后?
回答如下:一般形容词在前。2023-08-05 22:53:465
如何区分动名词和现在分词做定语的区别
现在分词做后置定语,这里是修饰question的,属于现在分词。动名词是做名词用法的。2023-08-05 22:54:002
动名词做定语的例句
The man standing there is my friend. "standing"这个动名词就是修饰那个man的定语。句子的译文是:那个站在那里的男人是我的朋友。2023-08-05 22:54:091
不定式,动名词,过去分词作定语有何区别
动词不定式一般表示即将发生的动作,所修饰的名词一般是不定动作的承受者,如haveyouanythingtosend?动名词与v-ing不同,前者当然是名词用法,不能作定语,后者一般作定语不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别(1)不定式作定语1)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系Hewasthelastonetoleaveschoolyesterday.昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。ThetraintoarrivewasfromLondon.将要到站的火车是从伦敦开来的。2)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是动宾关系Gethimsomethingtoeat.给他拿点儿东西吃。Shehasalotofworktodointhemorning.早上他有很多工作要做。3)不及物动词构成的不定式做定语,要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系,这里的介词不能省去。Ineedapentowritewith.我需要一支笔写字。Thereisnothingtoworryabout.没有什么值得发愁的。4)不定式修饰一些表示方向、原因、时间、机会、权利等抽象名词如:ability能力,本领drive赶,驾驶movement运动,活动ambition抱负,野心effort努力,尝试need需要,需求campaign战役,运动failure失败,不及格opportunity机会chance机会force力,压力,要点promise许诺,希望courage勇气intention意向,意图reason理由,原因decision决定method方法,方式light光,光线,亮光determination决心,决定motive动机,目的struggle奋斗,努力,tendency倾向,趋势wish希望,愿望,祝愿5)被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next,second,last,only和nota,the等限定词时候,只能用不定式。6)不定代词something,nothing,little,much,alot等习惯上用不定式做定语。Johnwilldoanythingbutworkonafarm.除了农活,约翰什么都愿意干。7)如果其动词要求用不定式做宾语,或者其形容词要器接不定式做补语,则相应的名词一般用不定式做定语。如:tendtodo---tendencytodo;decidetodo=decisiontodo;becurioustodo=curiositytodoHiswishtobuyacarcametrue.他要买辆车的愿望实现了。Theirdecisiontogiveuptheexperimentsurprisedus.他们放弃这个实验的决定使我们大吃一惊。Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.他总是第一个到来,最后一个离去。(2)分词作定语分词作定语时有下面几个特点:1)现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词一般表示被动含意。2)现在分词表示正在进行,过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。Herushedintotheburninghouse.他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother.站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。Theroomfacingsouthisourclassroom.朝南的房间是我们的教室。Haveyougotyourwatchrepaired?你拿到那个修好的表了吗?Heisanadvancedteacher.他是个先进教师。3)下列不及物动词也以过去分词形式做定语或表语,但不具有被动意义,这点要注意:departed,elapsed,faded,fallen,gone,frown-up,retired,returned,risen,set,vanished,much-traveled,newly-arrived,recently-come(3)不定式和分词作定语时的时间关系一般来说,不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后;现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生;过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如:DoyouwanttoseethedoctortobesentforfromBeijing?你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗?Doyouwanttoseethedoctorworkingonthecasereportintheoffice?你要见那位正在办公室里写病历的医生吗?2023-08-05 22:54:181
动名词可以做后置定语吗
不可以,动名词作定语用法不多,一般指用途 如walking stick等,后置的一般是分词2023-08-05 22:54:361
动名词的作用
动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语。 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer. 在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。动名词作主语,谓语动词一般用三单形式动名词作主语,在动词的基础上加Ing,使该动词或动词短语,有名词的各种特征,可作名词灵活使用。如:It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk.覆水难收It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。动名词作主语的几种类型动名词可以在句子中充当名词所能充当的多种句子成分。在这里仅就动名词在句子中作主语的情况进行讨论。动名词作主语有如下几种常见情况:1. 直接位于句首做主语。例如:Swimming is a good sport in summer.2. 用 it 作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。动名词做主语时,不太常用 it 作先行主语,多见于某些形容词及名词之后。例如:It is no use telling him not to worry.常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有:better,wonderful,enjoyable,interesting,foolish,difficult,useless,senseless,worthwhile,等。注意:important,essential,necessary 等形容词不能用于上述结构。3. 用于“There be”结构中。例如:There is no saying when he"ll come.很难说他何时回来。4. 用于布告形式的省略结构中。例如:No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ). (禁止吸烟)No parking. (禁止停车)5. 动名词的复合结构作主语当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时,常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格,构成动名词的复合结构(——这时,名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语)。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。例如:Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.6.例词shopping fishing cycling这些都是很常见的动名词动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作,不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。比较:Smoking is not good for health.It is not good for you to smoke so much.注意:1) 在口语中,用动名词作主语位于句首的较不定式多见。2) 在“It is no use...”,“It is no good...”,“It is fun...”,“It is a waste of time...”等句型中,通常用动名词作真实主语:It is no use/good/a waste of time talking about that.*It is no use/good/a waste of time to talk about that.3) 在疑问句中,通常用动名词的复合结构,而不用不定式的复合结构作主语:Does your saying that mean anything to him?*Does for you to say that mean anything to him?4) 在“There be”句型中,只能用动名词,而不能用不定式作主语:There is no telling what will happen.It is impossible to tell what will happen.5) 当句子中的主语和表语都是非限定动词时,要遵循前后一致的原则,主语和表语在形式上要求统一:Seeing is believing.*To see is to believe. 1.作动词的宾语某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有:admit,appreciate,excuse,stand,advise,allow,permit,avoid,consider,enjoy,finish,give up,cannot help(can"t help),imagine,include,keep,understand,keep on,mind,report,risk,miss,put off,delay,practise,resist,suggest,depend on,think about,set about,succeed in,worry about,burst out,insist on,feel like,be used to,get used to,devote…to…,look forward to,pay attention to,get down to,escape 等。如:They went on walking and never stopped talking.他们继续走,说个不停。I found it pleasant walking along the seashore.在海滩上走真是乐事。Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.每当马克违反交通规则时,他常常企图逃避罚款的处分。有些动词之后既可接动词不定式,又可接动名词,可把这类动词分为三种类型:两种形式所表达的含义基本相同,可以互换。这类动词有:attempt ,begin,cease,continue,intend,omit,start,cannot bear,decline,disdain,loathe,neglect,commence。例如:They ceased talking/to talk.他们停止说话。Prices will continue to rise/rising.物价将继续上扬。What do you intend to do/doing next?你下一步打算干什么?宾语用不定式和动名词所表达的含义略有变化。用不定式作宾语时,表示特定的一次性的未来动作;用动名词则表示一般的行为,或者是目前正在进行的行为。也可以说,动名词表示泛指的动作,而不定式表示特指的动作。常这样用的动词有:hate,like,love,prefer,dread等。例如:Woula you like to go with me?你想跟我一起走吗?He preferred to do this rather than do that.他宁愿做这件事,而不愿做那件事。2.作介词的宾语动词+介词+动名词例如:The rain prevented us from completing the work.下雨妨碍我们完成工作。She complains of the book being too difficult.她抱怨这本书太难。形容词+介词+动名词例如:I know who is responsible for breaking the window.我知道窗户是谁打破的。名词+介词+动名词例如:There are many ways of doing it.有许多方法可以做这件事。We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term.我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work?我们休息呢还是开始干活?there be和it is也可变为动名词there being 和it being与介词连用。例如:The car stoppedbecause of there being no fuel in the tank.因为油箱里没有油,所以汽车停了下来。介词+动名词也可在句中作状语,表示时间、条件等。例如:On leaving school,he went into business.一离开学校,他就投身到商业中去了。3.作形容词的宾语The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这种曲子很值得多听几遍。We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. 我们正为马上到来的运动会忙着做准备。 动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系,表示主语的内容,主语、表语可互换位置。如果句中的主语和表语同为动词时,要注意保持两个动词在形式上的一致。例:Your task is cleaning the windows.你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaning the windows is your task.)What I hate most is being laughed at.我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。(Being laughed at is what I hate most.)The most popular pastime is playing chess.最大众化的消遣是下棋(The most popular pastime is to play chess.)The only thing that interests her is working.她唯一感兴趣的事就是工作. 动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如:a walking stick =a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walkinga washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washinga reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for readinga measuring tape=a tape for measuring=a tape which is used for measuringsleeping pills=pills for sleeping=pills which is used for sleeping2023-08-05 22:54:441
动名词是名词还是动词
当是进行时时是动词2023-08-05 22:55:124
什么时候用动名词请详细说明并句例子
attention to doing get down to doing stick to doing insist 查看详情>>2023-08-05 22:55:192
什么情况下需要用动名词?
不定式:可以作插入语、表目的ing好像一般作主语呀、也作名词短语里的成分吧固定短语另外说明咯2023-08-05 22:55:273
什么时候用动名词做定语来修饰名词什么时候用动词不定式?这两者有什么区别?
动词不定式和动名词的句法功能比较 一,作主语 ⒈不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种: (1)把不定式置于句首.如: To get there by bike will take us half an hour. (2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中.如: ①It+be+名词+to do It"s our duty to take good care of the old. ②It takes sb + some time +to do How long did it take you to finish the work ③It+be+形容词+for sb +to do It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour. ④It+be+形容词+of sb +to do It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says. ⑤It seems(appears)+形容词+to do It seemed impossible to save money. 在句型③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如:difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等;在句型④中,常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等 表示赞扬或批评的词.在不定式前的sb,可看作其逻辑主语.这一句式有时相当于Sb is+形容词+to do句式 ,如:It"s kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to help me with my English. ⒉动名词作主语 Learning without practice is no good. 动名词作主语时,也常用It句式.如: ①It"s +no good(no use, fun, a pleasure, a waste of time)+doing… It"s no good reading in dim light. It"s no use sitting here waiting. ②It"s+形容词+doing It"s dangerous swimming in the sea in windy days. 这样用的形容词有expensive, nice, tiring等,但important, necessary则不适用于这种结构,应用不定式 代替,如:It"s important for you to keep fit. ③There is no + doing There is no saying what will happen next. 在这一结构中,动名词后常带宾语,相当于"It"s impossible to…"结构. ⒊动词不定式和动名词作主语的区别 ①不定式作主语经常表示具体动作,常与特定的动作执行者联系在一起;而动名词作主语经常表示抽象动 作,经常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起.如: It"s no good eating too much fat. It"s no good for you to eat so much fat. ②动名词结构作主语,可以用名词或代词属格形式作逻辑主语.如: It"s no use your pretending that you didn"t know the rules. 二,作宾语 ⒈不定式作宾语 ①以下动词后,只能跟不定式作宾语.如:agree, ask, aim, arrange, choose, decide, demand, expect, fail , help, hope, lean, long, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish等,这些词大部分可接that引导的从句.如: I decided to ask for my money back. I decided that I would ask for my money back. When our visit to the farm was over, we expected to start back on foot. When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that we would start back on foot. ②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时,先用形式宾语it代替不定式,把不定式置于补语之后,即:主语+动 词+it+补语+to do句式.如: We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well. He feels it his duty to help the poor. ③介词but, except, besides +to do(do) 在这种句型中,如介词前有动词do,后面应接不带to的不定式;如无do,则接to不定式,即带do不带to, 带to不带do.如: The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in. On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV. ⒉动名词作宾语 ①以下动词后,只能接动名词作宾语,如:admit, appreciate, consider, delay, enjoy, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, practise, resist, risk, save, suggest, don"t mind, give up, insist, on, put off等.如: I suggest spending our summer vacation in a seaside town. You must give up smoking, for it does too much harm to your health. ②动名词作介词的宾语 I should go to attend the birthday celebration instead of staying at home. What about inviting Li Jun to make a speech 动名词前的介词有时可以省略,如:have difficulty(in)doing, have no trouble(in)doing, lose no ti me(in)doing, prevent/stop…(from)doing, there is no use(in)doing等. ⒊部分动词后面,既可接动词不定式,也可接动名词作宾语,意义不变.如:begin, continue, start, hat e, like, love, need, require, want等. 在need, require, want后接-ing形式,表示被动意义,也可接不定式,但要用被动形式,如:Your handwriting needs improving (to be improved). hate, love, like接不定式表示特定的未来事件,接动名词表示目前 正在进行的活动或一般的行为. 在下列情况下,一般要用不定式: ①hate, like, love前有would(should)时,如:I"d like to have a cup of coffee. ②当谓语动词begin, continue, start等是进行式时,如:The students are starting to work on the difficult maths problem. ③begin, continue, start与know, understand等状态动词连用时,如:I soon began to understand what was happening. ⒋advise, allow, encourage, forbid, permit等动词后接动名词作宾语,或带不定式作宾语补足语.如: Our teachers don"t permit our swimming in the lake. Our teachers don"t permit us to swim in the lake. ⒌部分动词后接不定式或动名词时,意义差别较大,应根据句子语境选择使用. ①forget, remember, regret后接不定式,表示现在或未来的动作,接动名词表示动作已经发生.如: Don"t forget fo post the letter for me. Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport Remember to close the windows before you leave. I remember writing him a letter a year ago. We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited to attend the meeting. They regretted ordering these books from abroad. ②mean to do 打算做某事 doing 意味着…… I meant to catch up with the early bus. This means wasting a lot of money. ③try to do 设法尽力做某事 doing 试着做某事 You should try to overcome your shortcomings. Try working out the physics problem in another way. ④stop to do 停下一件事去做另一件事(不定式作目的状语) doing 停止做某事 On the way to the airport, I stopped to buy a paper. You"d better stop arguing and do as you are told. ⑤can"t help doing 禁不住…… to do不能帮助干…… They couldn"t help jumping up at the news. Sorry I have lots of work to do. So I can"t help to make up the room for you. ⑥go on to do 做不同的事或不同内容的事 doing 继续不停地做某事,指同一动作的继续 He went on to talk about world situation.他接着又谈了世界形势. We"ll go on fighting so long as there is oppression in the world. ⑦leave off to do 离开某地去干什么(目的状语) doing停下某事 It"s time to leave off talking and to start acting. They left off to go fishing. 三,做表语 不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作;动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为. ①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. ②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter. ③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting. 当主语和表语都是不定式时,其含义一是条件,一是结果(例①).当主语是aim, duty, hope, idea, mistake, plan, purpose, suggestion等为中心词的名词词组(例②)时,或以what引导的名词性分句(例③),不定 式说明主语的内容. ④Our work is serving the people. ⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper. ⑥The story told by Mr. Wang is interesting. ④⑤句动名词作表语,与主语部分可以转换,如Serving the people is out work, 而⑥句中是现在分词作 表语,说明主语的性质,状态,现在分词具有形容词的各种特征,另外,动名词作表语还应与进行时态区别开 来. 四,作定语 ⒈不定式作定语 不定式在句中作定语,置于被修饰的名词或代词之后.如: ①The next train to arrive is from Washington. ②Have you anything to be taken to your sister ③Do you have anything to say on the question ④Would you please give me some paper to write on ⑤My wish to visit France has come true at last. 不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系: (1)表示将来的动作(例①). (2)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,如是不及物动词,则需加介词(例④). (3)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时,尽管有被动含义,却仍 用主动语态(例③);如只有动宾关系,而无逻辑上的主谓关系,则需用被动语态(例②). (4)不定式作定语时,一般可转换为定语从句,例①to arrive=that will arrive. ⒉动名词作定语 ①This passage can be used as listening materials. ②The reading room of our school library can hold 800people. ③All moving bodies have energy. ①②句动名词作定语说明一种性能,即:用来……的;第③句为现在分词作定语,单个分词作定语常置于 被修饰词之前,与被修饰词之间,可构成逻辑上的主谓关系,分词短语作定语常置于被修饰词之后.如:The man standing at the school gate is Professor Hua. 五,不定式作补足语 ⒈作宾语补足语 一些及物动词除要求按宾语外,有时还需要有宾语补足语,说明宾语的行为,状态,特征,这时意思才相 对完整. (1)常要求不定式作宾补的动词有:allow, ask, advise, beg, cause, drive(强迫),encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, would like(love, hate), order, permit, persuade, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等.如: ①Would you like me to give your regards to Mary ②I want you to understand the whole passage clearly. (2)部分动词后常接to be+形容词,名词短语等形式,有时to be可省略,如:believe, consider, discover, find(=consider), feel(=think), imagine, judge, know, prove, think, suppose, see(=understand), understand等. ①We all believe John(to be)honest. ②I consider him(to be)one of the best biology teachers of No. 1 Middle School. 但当不定式是完成式时,to不能省略,如:We consider him to have been foolish. (3)感觉动词和使役动词后用作宾补的不定式须省略to. ①I didn"t hear anyone say anything about it. ②They make the students do too much homework every day. 这种句式在变为被动语态时,to不能省略,如第②句:The students are made to do too much homework every day. (4)help, know后面的"to"可有可无.如: Would you please help me(to) fill in the tax form I"ve never known her(to)be late before.但:He was known to have been to France before. (5)部分短语动词后,常接不定式作宾补,如: You may depend on them to be there early. The Party calls on us to increase production and practise economy. 常这样用的短语动词有:ask for, care for, call on, count on, depend on, wait for, long for(渴望), prepare for, wish for等. ⒉作主语补足语 不定式作主语补足语,和主语构成一种逻辑上的主谓关系.如: ①He was not allowed to enter the classroom for being late. ②The young university student is considered to have great promise. 六,不定式作状语 ⒈作目的状语 (1) ①I stayed there to see what would happen. ②Henry has decided to go to the hospital to be examined by the doctor. (2)有时为了强调,不定式前可加in order或so as.如: Bob took down my telephone number so as(in order)not to forget it. 有时为强调目的状语可把in order to或不定式置于句首,但so as to不能这样用.在这种句式中不定式部 分可转换为so that, in order that, 成为目的状语从句,如: I stayed there so that (in order that)I could see what would happen. (3)在部分表示感情色彩的形容词,过去分词或动词之后可接不定式,如:astonished, glad, happy, laugh , pleased, sad, smile, sorry, surprised等. ①We are glad to hear the news. ②I was surprised to see that a three-year-old baby could write so well. 在部分形容词后接不定式,用主动形式表示被动意义,这种句型中的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语.如:The question raised by the student is difficult to answer. The room is really comfortable to live in. 常这样用的形容词有:comfortable, easy, dangerous, difficult, expensive, fit, impossible等. ⒉作结果状语 We came home after our holiday to find our garden neat and tidy. 不定式作结果状语还常用在下列句式中.如: ①so…as to; such…as to I"m not so stupid(a fool) as to put it in writing.我不至于愚蠢到会把它写下来. I"m not such a stupid fool as to put it in writing. ②enough…to The speed is high enough for us to catch up with the first liner. ③only to Jane hurried back only to find her mother dying in the hospital. ④too…to I"m too tired to stay up longer. 但在下列结构中,too…to并非是"太……而不能……"之意.如: ①I"m only too glad to have passed the exam.考试及格我太高兴了.(too修饰glad to have…,相当 于very) ②We have too much to learn.我们要学的太多了(不定式作定语). ⒊不定式短语还可作独立成分,用于句首,句中或句末.如: To tell the truth, the play was a great disappointment tome. 常见的短语有to be exact(确切地说),to begin with(首先),to do him justice(说句对他公道的 话),to be sure(真的)等等.2023-08-05 22:55:421
名词作定语和动名词作定语有什么区别?谢谢
名词作定语其实是组合名词的一种,如"问题解决".而动名词其实就是形容词.确切的说应该是现在分词做定语.因为分词有形容词的特性.2023-08-05 22:56:021
动名词是不是一定是动词加ing?
关于动名词,语法书是这样说的 动名词是非谓动词的又一种形式。它在形式上与现在分词相同,都是在动词原形的词末加-ing。在现代语法中,这两种形式同视为"-ing形式"。 这两种形式的另一个相同之处是:它们都是由动词变化而成的,它们都保留了动词的某些特征,它们都能带自己的宾语、状语,而构成动名词短语或是现在分词短语去担当句子成分。例如: Speaking in the public , he will surely be very cheerful . (现在分词短语,作状语)他在公众场所讲话时总是兴高采烈的。 She hates speaking in the public. (动名词短语,作宾语)她不喜欢在公众场所讲话。 严格地说,动名词和现在分词还是有很多区别的: 首先,动名词表达的动作意义不如现在分词强,因为动名词已经将动作名词化了,它不再强调动作本身了,它已把某个动作视为某种活动或是某件事情了。比如说,动名词常在句中作主语、直接宾语;我们都知道,在句中作主语、直接宾语的词只有是名词、代词,因此从某种意义上说,动名词就相当于名词、代词了。例如: Climbing up the mountain will make you exhausted. 爬上这座山会使你筋疲力尽。 Stop talking please. 请不要讲话。 其次,正由于动名词在某种意义上相当于名词、代词,所以它前面也可有名词的"所有格形式"或是物主代词的所有格作修饰语。例如: Would you mind my smoking here 您介意我在这儿吸烟吗? We extended a warm welcome to Mr. Rieder"s coming to our party. 我们对里德先生来参加聚会表示热烈的欢迎。 从动名词在句子里的作用来看,它类似于名词;可以作主语、定语、表语和宾语。下面让我们分别看看动名词在句中作不同成分的具体情况。 1. 作主语 动名词作主语与不定式作主语在语序位置方面较相似,但在表达意思上有差异。动名词作主语时,它已经将动作名词化了,已把某个动作视为某种活动或是某件事情了,动作意义很弱,比较抽象。而不定式作主语的动作意义较强,多指"要是去做某事",这种动作往往是"要发生的一次性动作",比较具体。例如: Breathing became difficult at that altitude. 在那个海拔高度呼吸变得很困难。 Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good . 早晨朗读英文会给你带来许多好处。 Cheating on an exam ruins one"s character . 考试作弊毁坏人的性格。 It takes me ten minutes to get home from my office . 我从办公室回家要花十分钟。 It needs time to make three copies of it . 把它复制三份需要时间。 动名词作主语时,也常用"It is …"和"There is …"两种句型。 "It is …"的句型常用于说明"某种活动或是某件事情是如何,如何"。强调事物的性质、特征等。常用于It is后面的词有:no good , no use , useless , a waste, worthwhile , dangerous等等。句型"There is …"往往用于说明"不允许、禁止某种活动或是某件事情发生或存在"。类似一种建议、命令等。例如: It is no use waiting for him any longer . 等他是没有用的。 It is no good learning without practice . 学而不实践是没好处的。 It is dangerous using this method to measure the speed of light . 用这种方法去测量光速是危险的。 It is worthwhile consulting your tutor about it again . 很值得再向你的指导老师咨询一下这个问题。 There is no joking about such matters . 这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no denying the fact that China has made a rapid progress in every aspect since it was founded . 不容抵赖这个事实,中国自它成立以来已在各个方面都取得了飞速的发展。 There is no littering about . 不许乱扔杂物。 2. 作定语 动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍,因为多数情况仅限于单个的动名词作定语。这种情况与单个的现在分词作定语有较大的区别:单个的动名词作定语主要是说明被修饰词的作用、意义等; 而单个的现在分词作定语则主要是表示被修饰词正在做什么。请看下面的比较: 动名词作定语 现在分词作定语 swimming pool 游泳池 ( the pool for swimming) working people 劳动人民 ( the people who are working) reading material 阅读材料 sleeping child 熟睡孩子 walking stick 手杖 floating needle 浮针 opening speech 开幕词 oppressing class压迫阶级 listening aid 助听器 developing countries 发展中国家 waiting room 候车室 running water 自来水 3. 作表语 动名词作表语主要说明"主语是做什么的、或是怎么回事", 动作意义弱,较抽象;而现在分词作表语则主要是表示"主语的性质、特征等";不定式作表语却主要说明或解释"主语(要去)做什么事",它比动名词更为具体,动作意义更强。例如: His part-time job is promoting new products for the company. (动名词) 他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。 Reading is for sure learning, but applying is also learning to a greater extent .(动名词)读书当然是学习,然而运用在很大程度上更是学习。 Their task is exploring oil mines in the west . (动名词) 他们的任务是在西部探查油矿。 The situation is very much encouraging .(现在分词) 形势非常令人鼓舞。 His present job is not that stimulating as he expected. (现在分词) 他现在的工作并不是那么有刺激性。 Their plan is to build another dormitory for their staff this year . (不定式)他们的计划是今年再为员工们建一栋宿舍楼。 His wish is to become a pilot. (不定式) 他的愿望是当飞行员。 4. 作宾语 A)常见的用动名词作宾语的及物动词: avoid (避免) , cease (停止) , can"t help (忍不住) , consider (考虑) , deny (抵赖) , delay (拖延) , enjoy (喜欢) , endure (忍受) , escape (逃离) , excuse (原谅) , finish (完成) , give up (放弃) , imagine (想象) , keep on (继续) , leave off (结束、省去) , mind (介意、反对) , miss (错过) , need (需要) , postpone (推迟) , practice (练习) , put off (推迟) , require (需要) , risk (冒险) , stop (停止) , suggest (建议) 等。例如: He managed to escape suffering from the disease . 他设法避免患那种疾病。 After hearing the funny story , all of us couldn"t help laughing ear to ear. 听完了那个滑稽故事,我们忍不住大笑了。 Excuse my interrupting you for a while . 请原谅我打扰你一会儿。 Prof. Smith considered giving his students a reading list before they started the next chapter. 史密斯教授考虑在学生们学习下一章之前给他们一份读书清单。 When he came back home from his night shift , Jason tried to avoid wakening his family . 当杰逊下夜班回到家时,他尽力不弄醒他的家人。 The suspect denied turning on the computer in the office that night. 犯罪嫌疑人否认他那晚开过办公室的电脑。 B)有些及物动词后既可用动名词作宾语,也可用不定式作宾语,两种结构在意义上差别不大。常见的有:attempt (打算) , begin (开始) , can"t afford (花不起) , can"t bear (无法容忍) , continue (继续) , deserve (值得) forget (忘记) , hate (不喜欢) , intend (打算) , like(喜欢) , love (爱) , neglect (忽略) , need (需要) , prefer (宁愿) , propose (提议) , want (需要)等。例如: Do you prefer strolling outside or staying inside ( to stroll outside or to stay inside ) ? 你是想在外面散步,还是想呆在室内 ? I can"t afford watching ( to watch ) the game through to the end because I should be at work in thirty minutes . 这场比赛我是看不完了,因为半小时后我要上班。 I like playing ( to play ) chess with you , but not today . 我喜欢和你下棋,但不是今天。 When did you begin learning ( to learn ) English ? 你什么时候开始学英文的? Maria intended visiting ( to visit ) her parents last weekend , but she caught by something else . 上周末,玛莉娅曾打算去看她的父母亲,但却因其他的事而脱不开身。` 注意:当need , want表示"需要"意义时,后面所接的动名词具有被动意义,例如: The office needs cleaning thoroughly . ( = … to be cleaned thoroughly .) 这间办公室需要彻底打扫。 The roses in your garden want watering .( = … to be watered . ) 你花园里的玫瑰需要浇水。 C)有些及物动词后也是既可用动名词作宾语,也可用不定式作宾语,但是两种结构在意义上存在一定的差别: -- 在like , love , hate , prefer等词后,若表示强调"某种爱好、一般性的倾向",需用动名词作宾语;如指某次将发生的具体行为,则多用不定式作宾语。例如: She likes dancing more than singing . 她喜欢跳舞胜过唱歌。 She likes to go dancing with her colleagues this weekend. 这个周末她想和同事一块儿去跳舞。 Men often hate going window-shopping .男人通常不爱逛商店。 Davis hates to talk about that topic at next meeting . 戴维斯不想在下次会议上谈那个话题。 She prefers swimming to running . 她喜欢游泳而不喜欢跑步。。 She prefers to go swimming this afternoon .今天下午她要去游泳。 -- 在remember, regret后面,接动名词表示"已发生过的动作";接不定式表示"现在发生或将要发生的动作" 。例如: I remember having posted the letter today . 我记得今天把那封信发出去了。 I"ll remember to post the letter for you .我会记得帮你将信发出去的。 I regret not telling her the truth before she left . 我后悔在她离开前告诉她实情。 I regret to say I am not prepared well enough for the new post . 很遗憾地说,我还没有为新的职位作好充分的准备。 -- 在begin , start , 和cease之后,接动名词表示"强调有意识地开始或停止某动作";不定式则表示"自然、突然地发生的动作"。例如: She began learning to cook before her marriage . 她是婚前开始学烧饭的。 It began to snow yesterday .昨天开始下雪了。 They started developing the new product in 1999 . 1999年他们开始研制那种新产品。 No sooner had we arrived home than it started to rain heavily. 我们刚一到家就下起大雨来了。 He ceased smoking when he got something wrong with his lung . 当他的肺部出了毛病时,他停止吸烟了。 Electronic games ceased to interested him after he began to work . 他参加工作以后,电子游戏不再使他感兴趣了。 -- stop后接动名词表示"要开始动名词表示的动作",而后接不定式则表示"终止不式表示的动作" ;try后接动名词表示"试着干某事",而后接不定式则表示"尽力干某事" 。例如: Stop talking please . (终止"讲话"的动作)请不要讲话了。 Let"s stop to take a break . (开始"休息"的动作) 让我们停下来休息一会儿。 The boy tried installing his computer and succeed at last . (试着"安装" )那个男孩试着安装他的电脑,最后成功了。 I"ll try to finish the composition of the book by October .(尽力"完成" )我要尽力在十月以前完成这本书的写作。 D)动名词作介词的宾语,并与介词一起构成介短语在句子里担当定语、状语、表语,如: I"m looking forward to your coming next time . (作状语) 我期待着您下一次的到来。 On hearing our delegation in Sydney had won 28 gold medals , all the Chinese people cheered up with great joy and showed their great respects to our athletes . (作状语) 当听到我国在悉尼的奥运代表团获得了28块金牌时,全 中国人民都高兴地欢呼起来,并向我们的运动健儿们表示崇高的敬意。 The simplest kind of advertising is the classified ad .(作定语) 最简单的广告是分类广告。 They are against using so many animals in experiments .(作表语) 他们反对用如此多的动物去做试验。 另外,在说明"动名词的动作状态"方面,我们有一般式和完成式。当我们要强调说明"动名词动作"发生于"谓语动作"之前时,多用动名词的完成式;如果无意具体说明"动名词动作"发生于什么时候,或是"动名词动作"与"谓语动作"是同时发生时,就只用动名词的一般式。例如: He is fond of watching sports-games .(一般式)他喜欢观看体育竞赛。 She likes making herself busy all the day .(一般式) 她喜欢使自己终日忙忙碌碌的。 The secretary was scolded for not having finished typing the report in time .(完成式)那位秘书因没有按时将报告打印出来而受责备。 I regret having said some rude words to my brother .(完成式) 我后悔对我弟弟说了些粗话。 We have no idea of their having done such kind of thing(完成式) 我们不知道他们干过这种事情。 当然,上面所将的也并不是绝对的。有些动词后(或成语中),我们也可用动名词的一般式表示发生于"谓语动作"之前的"动名词动作"。例如: I don"t remember ever seeing her any time . 我不记得曾几何时见过她。 He apologized for interrupting us . 他因打断了我们的谈话而向我们道歉。 Thank you for offering me so much help . 感谢你们给我提供了这么多的帮助。 当动名词在句子中的逻辑主语在意义上是动名词动作的宾语时,我们应当用动名词的被动形式。 "being + 过去分词"是动名词被动式的一般形式;"having + been + " 是动名词被动式的完成形式。例如: People hate being praised for nothing .人们不喜欢无缘无故的赞扬。 The problem is far from being solved .这问题远没得到解决。 His being elected our chairman made us think of a lot . 他当选为我们的主席使我们想起了许多许多。 She didn"t mind being left alone at home .她不介意被一人留在家里。 After having been treated in the special way, he could deal with everything around him smoothly .他接受了特殊化的训练后,能顺利地对付他周围的一切。 He can"t remember having been scolded by his boss for that matter . 他不记得老板曾为那件事责备过他。 但是在很多情况下,我们常用动名词的一般被动形式;避免使用动名词被动式的完成形式,因为它会使句子显得累赘。最后,还有一点值得我们注意: want(需要), need(需要), deserve(值得), require(需要)等词后,我们用动名词的主动形式表达被动意思。例如: Your car needs filling . 你这车要充气了。 This city deserves visiting . 这座城市值得光顾一下。 The problem requires studying carefully .这个问题需要认真研究。 The trees want watering .这些树需要浇水了。2023-08-05 22:56:131
动名词与名词的区别
动名词与名词的区别区别如下相同点和不同点如下相同点:名词和动名词 都可以当做名词使用 ;都可以做定语修饰后面的名词(都可以做主语,表语,宾语,定语)不同点:名词永远只能当做名词使用; 动名词还可以当做动词使用(这里动词非谓语动词;如果及物非谓语动词,后面可以带宾语,如果是不及物动词后面接状语)2023-08-05 22:56:351
动名词和不定式做定语区别?
先讲下动名词和现在分词的区别,动名词可充当主语,宾语,表语,介词宾语,定语等.但动名词和现在分词作定语是不同的,所以你问的应该是现在分词而不是动名词。举例: a swimming boy这是现在分词 相当于 a boy who is swimming a swimming pool这是动名词 相当于 a pool for swimming 不定式,现在分词,过去分词作定语区别,从时态意义上试举例说明: The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.将来 The meeting being held is very important.现在进行 The meeting held yesterday was very important.过去从主动被动角度举例说明: The boy playing with the girl is tall.相当于the boy who is playing with the girl,现在分词作定语表主动 Most of the artists invited to the party were from China.相当于most of the artists who were invited to the party,过去分词作定语表被动.2023-08-05 22:56:421
动名词做什么成分
动名词在句子中的成分主要有:1、作主语:Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。2、作宾语:某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式。They went on walking and never stopped talking.他们继续走,说个不停。3、作表语。4、作定语。动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如:a walking stick =a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking.一根拐杖。 动名词用法详解 动名词它在形式上与现在分词相同,都是在动词原形的词末加-ing。在现代语法中,这两种形式同视为"-ing形式"。这两种形式的另一个相同之处是:它们都是由动词变化而成的,它们都保留了动词的某些特征,它们都能带自己的宾语、状语,而构成动名词短语或是现在分词短语去担当句子成分。例如: Speaking in the public,he will surely be very cheerful . (现在分词短语,作状语)他在公众场所讲话时总是兴高采烈的。 She hates speaking in the public. (动名词短语,作宾语)她不喜欢在公众场所讲话。 区别: 1.动名词和现在分词都可以用于系动词之后作表语,区别方法是: ①作表语的动名词与主语指的是同一件事,此时系动词相当于“是”,通常把主语和表语的位置互换,语法和意思不变,例如: My hobby is swimming.可改为Swimming is my hobby.(可将原句中的主语与表语位置互换) ②现在分词作表语主要用以说明主语的性质,不能与主语互换位置,例如: The story is interesting .不可改为:Interesting is the story. 2.动名词和现在分词都可以用作定语来修饰名词,两者的区别在于: 动名词修饰名词时主要表示该名词的用途,而现在分词修饰名词时性质、状态或动作等。2023-08-05 22:56:501
在英语中什么词可以用作定语
在英语中可以用作定语的词有1形容词如agoodstudent2名词如atelephonenumber3名词所有格如liming"sbook4数词如threebooks5介词短语如amapofchina6不定式如givemesomethingtoeat7动名词如aswimmingpool8现在分词如aswimmingchild9过去分词如aboynamedtom10从句如thebookthatiboughtyesterday11表方位的副词如thepeoplehere2023-08-05 22:56:591
英语中哪些成分可以做前置定语
前置定语1)名词词词组作前置定语JanehasaveryusefulEnglishgrammarbook.简有一本很有用的的英语语法书。Johnisreallyreliableman.约翰是一个真正可以信赖的人。Themostdifficultpartistocome.最难的部分在后头。模仿造句:1.他有一些好看的故事书。2.这是一张正在跑步的男孩照片。2)动名词作前置定语Letmetellyouamovingstory.我给你讲一个动人的故事。Itisapictureofgrazingsheep.这是一张正在吃草的绵羊的照片。Horsesaregrass-eatinganimals.马是食草动物。模仿造句:1.老师给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。2.这是一张正在打游戏的男孩照片。3)过去分词作前置定语Hisfatherisaretiredengineer.他父亲是一个退休工程师。Inthefallwecanseealotoffallenleaves.在秋天我们能看见很多落叶。America-supportedIsraelisintheMiddleEast.美国支持的以色列在中东。类似America-supported的“主语+谓语”型合成的过去分词越来越常见。例如:U.S.-climed美国声称的state-owned国有的government-appointed政府任命的模仿造句:1.她妈妈是一个退休的医生。2.地上有很多黄色的落叶。4)过去分词作前置定语Thepolicefoundnoclearlymarkedsign.警察没有发现明显标出的标志。Therearesomeelegantlydressedladiesinthemall.商场里有些穿着优雅的女士。注意:过去分词词组虽然有时作前置定语,但是大多数时候用连字号连接成一个组合词。awell-knownconductor有名的指挥,twomutually-relatedparts相互关联的两部分。模仿造句:1.只有少数是穿着漂亮的女士。2.那是有个完全烂掉(rotten)的苹果。作者|丹丹英语公众号:英语语法学习本文为原创文章,版权归作者所有,未经授权不得转载!2023-08-05 22:57:081
动名词短语作后置定语什么意思?
就是比如说xx wearing a suit的意思就是穿套装的xx,类似这样的2023-08-05 22:57:415
分词作定语
分词作定语:1、分词作定语的主动与被动。现在分词和过去分词都可以用作定语。如:What disappointing news! 多么令人失望的消息!She is a trained nurse. 她是一个受过训练的护士。第一句中的现在分词disappointing表示主动意义,意为“令人失望的”;第二句中的过去分词trained表示被动意义,意为“被训练的”“受过训练的”。2、现在分词和动名词作定语的区别。现在分词和动名词均可于名词前作定语,但两者是有区别的:现在分词作定语时,它所修饰的名词通常就是现在分词的逻辑主语,并且通常可转换成一个定语从句;而动名词作定语表示的是被修饰名词的作用、用途等。比较:Do"t wake the sleeping child. 别弄醒正在睡梦中的小孩。This is not drinking water. 这不是饮用水。第一句中的sleeping为现在分词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词child;第二句中的drinking为动名词,用以表示被修饰名词的用途——用于饮用的水。作定语。分词的作用:1、作状语。2、作状语。(1)时间状语。(2)原因状语。(3)条件状语。(4)伴随状语。3、作表语。4、作宾语补足语。2023-08-05 22:58:331
动名词在句子中的作用
动名词是一种特殊的名词形式,它由动词加上-ing构成,可以表示动作或状态。在句子中,动名词可以用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。下面是一些例句:1. 动名词作主语:Swimming is good for your health. (游泳对健康有益。)2. 动名词作宾语:I enjoy reading books in my free time. (我喜欢在闲暇时间读书。)3. 动名词作表语:His favorite hobby is playing basketball. (他最喜欢的爱好是打篮球。)4. 动名词作定语:The running water is very clear. (流动的水非常清澈。)5. 动名词作状语:She listened to music while doing her homework. (她一边做作业一边听音乐。)2023-08-05 22:58:481
定语由什么词性的词充当
形容词性的词。2023-08-05 22:59:162
英语:定语,动名词是什么意思?
1. 修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句叫定语,简单说就是翻译后有“的”。充当定语的常有形容词,名次,代词,不定式短语,动名词,介词短语。eg: a beautiful city, a developing country, women teachers, the teaching plan, the city of Hu nan2. 英语中的动名词是由动词变化而来,它仍一方面保留着动词的某些特征,具有动词的某些变化形式,用以表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念,另一方面动名词在句子的用法及功能类同与名词:在句子可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。它也可以被副词修饰或者支配宾语。 例如:They run into constant discrimination in trying to find a job or friend.2023-08-05 22:59:342
动名词做定语造句!
Knowing what is in his mind ,I decide to help him before he ask for help. 当中的knowing 就是动名词坐定语,2023-08-05 22:59:443
动名词能做后置定语吗
能,表示状态2023-08-05 22:59:525
动词不定式与动名词做后置定语有啥区别?
动词不定式做后置定语,放在被修饰名词后面动名词做前置定语,位于名词前第二个句子缺少系动词is吧2023-08-05 23:00:062
动名词和名词的区别
动名词是非谓动词的又一种形式。它在形式上与现在分词相同,都是在动词原形的词末加-ing。在现代语法中,这两种形式同视为"-ing形式"。这两种形式的另一个相同之处是:它们都是由动词变化而成的,它们都保留了动词的某些特征,它们都能带自己的宾语、状语,而构成动名词短语或是现在分词短语去担当句子成分。2023-08-05 23:00:143
不定式做定语与现在分词(动名词)做定语的区别
With whiskey by his side his water-w2023-08-05 23:00:332
动名词作定语和现在分词区别
动名词作定语这个说法不对 现在分词可以做定语 举个例子swimming pool,游泳池,你不能说swimming是现在分词 因为pool不会游泳.swimming在这里就是动名词.但你也不能把它看成是 定语,动名词,说白了就是动词加ing变成了名词,swimming既然是名词,pool也是名词,所以swimming pool就叫合成名词,所以不存在谁修饰谁,谁是定语,swimming pool就是个整体 a swimming boy.swimming就是现在分词作定语,修饰boy,正在游泳的男孩. swimming就是男孩的一个状态2023-08-05 23:00:401
英语中修饰动名词是用副词还是形容词
mmd快看快看滚滚滚谷胱甘肽飞反反复复方法吞吞吐吐过通锅盖头2023-08-05 23:00:489
动词可以做定语吗?
⒈不定式作定语 不定式在句中作定语,置于被修饰的名词或代词之后.如: ①The next train to arrive is from Washington. ⑤My wish to visit France has come true at last. 不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系: (1)表示将来的动作(例①). (2)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,如是不及物动词,则需加介词(例④). (3)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时,尽管有被动含义,却仍 用主动语态(例③);如只有动宾关系,而无逻辑上的主谓关系,则需用被动语态(例②). (4)不定式作定语时,一般可转换为定语从句,例①to arrive=that will arrive. 2.动名词作定语 动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途.如:2023-08-05 23:01:261
举例说明动名词作定语表明它所修饰的词的所属关系
动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如:a washing machine=a machine for washinga reading room=a room for reading这类一般出现得较少,基本掌握即可2023-08-05 23:01:443
动名词与过去分词作定语修饰时的区别是什么?
作定语,即用来修饰名词,记住一点:修饰人用过去分词,修饰事物用现在分词,例如:a boring story; I am/feel bored.2023-08-05 23:01:526
求助:现在分词与动名词做定语的区别?
其实这两个点这间不需要做什么特别的区别的,因为特别常见,也很好理解,从太过理论的角度来看它反而可能越说越繁。以下不知道楼主看了有没有帮助。 资料来源:英语学园网站 动名词与现在分词的区别主要是: 1. 如果-ing形式在句中作表语,那么它可能是现在分词,也可能是动名词。区别方法是: 动名词作定语时,说明被修饰的名词的用途(可以用"use for +动名词"这个结构代替), 它和所修饰的名词在逻辑上没有主谓关系;现在分词作定语时,表示它所修饰的名词的行为 ,和它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系(可以扩展为定语从句)。 E.g.: a sleeping car=a car used for sleeping 一节卧车车厢 (sleeping此处为动名词 ) a sleeping child=a child who is sleeping 一个睡着的孩子 (sleeping此处为现在分词 ) 2. 动名词具有名词的性质: 可以和名次一样有冠词或this、some等形容词; E.g.: A knocking at the door was heard 可以和名次一样有所有格、复数形式; E.g.: He enjoys reading for reading"s sake, not for scholarship. He is so busy that I can"t keep track of all his comings and goings. 可以带有所有格已表明动作者。 E.g.: Please excuse my coming late. 3. 如果-ing形式在句中作表语,那么它可能是现在分词,也可能是动名词。区别方法是: 如果ing形式相当于一个名词,可以与主语交换位置,它就是动名词。如果-ing形式相当于 形容词,不能与主语交换位置,它就是现在分词。 4. “动名词+名词”和“现在分词+名词”的读音不同,前者的重音在“动名词”上 (a ‘sleeping suit),而后者的重音在“名词”上(a sleeping ‘child)。 5. 动名词用法的特殊情况 ① No+动名词——用于简短的禁令或禁律 E.g.: No smoking. ② There is no+-ing(…是不可能的)= It is impossible to ~ = No one can ~ (or We cannot ~) E.g.: There is no telling when lasting peace will come. (谁也不知道永久的和平何 时到来) ③ Never (or not) … without + -ing (每次…都…)= whenever E.g.: He never comes without bringing some present. ④ It goes without saying that (…是不用说的)= It is needless to say that E.g.: It goes without saying that no animal can live without breathing. ⑤ Do+动名词(做需要若干时间或一再重复的事情)——动名词之前都由the、所有 格或some/a little/ much/ a lot of 之类的形容词。 E.g.: Do you do much fishing? ⑥ On (or upon) +-ing (当…,一…就…)=when (or as soon as) +S. + V. ⑦ Of one"s own = -ing (自己…的)=-ed by oneself E.g.: He showed me a picture of his own painting. ⑧ Make a point of –ing (必定,重视)= make it a point to ~ E.g.: He makes a point of calling on me on New Year"s Day. ⑨ Be on (or upon) the point of –ing (正要)= be just about to ~ 6. 如果-ing形式在句中充当状语和补语,那么它一定是现在分词。 如果-ing形式在句中充当主语、宾语、同位语,那么它一定是动名词。2023-08-05 23:02:091
动名词后可以跟介词短语作定语 这句话是(介词短语)作定语 还是(动名词后可以跟介词短语)作定语
你的两种说法却是一个概念,都是正确的。由于动名词相当于一个名词,当然可以有定语。介词短语可以作定语,并常跟在名词后面。它俩不是一拍即合吗?2023-08-05 23:02:182
动名词的用法总结详解英语语法
动名词词在 句子 中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。以下是我为大家整理的动名词的用法,希望能帮助大家更好地掌握动名词,提高英语水平。 动名词的用法:作主语 1、动名词是由动词变化而来,所以,动名词的意义也是表示某个动作或事情。例如: Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good. Cheating on an exam ruins one"s character. 考试作弊毁坏人的性格。 2、动名词作主语时,对于一些比较长的动名词 短语 ,一般采用"It is u2026"和"There is u2026"两种句式来表示。例如: It is no use waiting for him any longer. 等他是没有用的。 There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 3、动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别:动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作,一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起;不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为,往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起,如: Itu2019s no use crying over spilt milk. (抽象) He realized that to go on like this was no use. (具体) 4、在实际运用中,一般可以互换,差异不大。但在下列几种情况中不能互换: 当表语是动名词时,主语也要用动名词;当表语是不定式时,主语也要用不定式,如: Seeing is believing. = To see is to believe. 5、动名词和不定式作主语,一般都可以使用形式主语it,而将动名词或不定式放在句尾。但是在下列句型中,一般宜用动名词,不宜用不定式来代替: Itu2019s no use doing u2026 Itu2019s no good doingu2026 Itu2019s a waste of time doing u2026 动名词的用法:作表语 1、动名词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别: 动名词作表语时相当于名词,说明主语的含义及内容,它与主语是同等关系,主语与表语互换位置不影响句子的基本含义,但不可用副词来修饰。如: My job is looking after the children. = Looking after the children is my job. Our duty is serving the people. = Serving the people is our duty. 以上两处是动名词作表语,可以和主语互换位置,不影响句子的基本含义。 2、现在分词作表语时相当于形容词,说明主语的特征、性质、状态等,主语与表语不可互换位置,但可用very, quite等副词来修饰,如: The situation is encouraging.形势是值得鼓励的。 This cake is very inviting. The volleyball match we watched was very exciting. 以上三处是现在分词作表语,不可与主语互换位置。 3、动名词作表语与不定式作表语的区别: 动名词作表语时表示比较抽象的一般行为、习惯; 不定式作表语时表示具体的某一次动作,特别是将来的动作,试比较: My favorite sport is swimming. The first thing for us to do is to improve our pronunciation. 动名词的用法:作宾语 1、能用动名词作宾语的动词有两类:一类是只能用动名词作宾语的动词,其中有:avoid、consider、advise、dislike、enjoy、excuse、finish、give up、canu2019t help、keep (on)、(donu2019t )mind、miss、practice、go on、suggest等。另一类是既可以用动名词,又可以用不定式作宾语的动词,其中有:begin、forget、hate、like、plan、prefer、remember、start、 try、stop、need、canu2019t afford等。 (1) 动名词跟在及物动词后做宾语。例如: I enjoy working with you. After hearing the funny story, all of us couldn"t help laughing ear to ear. Would you mind ringing me up tomorrow? (2) 动名词跟在介词后面作宾语。例如: I"m looking forward to your coming next time. Thank you for offering me so much help. He is fond of watching sports-games. (3) 下列动词后的动名词虽然是被动意义,但不用被动语态: Your car needs filling. 你这车要充气了。 This city deserves visiting. 这座城市值得光顾一下。 The problem requires studying carefully .这个问题需要认真研究。 The trees want watering .这些树需要浇水了。 动名词的用法:作定语 动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍,一般只限于单个的动名词作定语,表示“用于u2026u2026的”或表示“处于某件事情中的u2026u2026”含义。例如: swimming pool 游泳 池 reading material 阅读材料 walking stick 手杖 opening speech 开幕词 listening aid 助听器 waiting room 候车室 running water 自来水 developing countries 发展中国家 working people 劳动人民 sleeping child 熟睡孩子 动名词的用法:作状语 动名词(短语)可以和about, against, at, before, after, by, for, besides, from, in, on, upon, without等介词构成短语,在句中作状语,如: They broke in loud cheers on hearing the news. She left without saying good-bye to us. Besides cooking and sewing, she had to take care of the children. 猜你喜欢: 1. practise 的用法详解 2. influence的用法详解 3. 英语介词for的用法归纳总结 4. seem做系动词的用法讲解 5. Neither...nor的用法小结 6. expect的用法 7. there be在英语中的特殊用法2023-08-05 23:02:271
用动名词作主语、表语、宾语、状语、定语各写一句?
你说的是英语吧2023-08-05 23:02:343
不定式,动名词,分词的区别
动名词(gerund)和现在分词(present participle)的区别所谓动名词(gerund)就是名词,只是保有一些动词的功能.所以它在句中可以作主语,宾语,表语,同位语,定语等那些名词可以充当的成分.而现在分词(present participle)相当于形容词,在句中作表语,定语或者状语所以当-ing形式出现在句中作主语,宾语,同位语时,它肯定是gerund. 当-ing形式出现在句中作状语时,它肯定是present participle.它们有可能被弄错的是作表语和定语时.其实也很好区分1. 作表语: 我们知道, 名词和形容词都可以作表语. This is water(n.). It is transparent(adj). 这时你肯定能明白,如果-ing作表语相当于n.它就是gerund. 反之相当于adj.时它就是present.participle. The situation both at home and abroad is very inspiring. One of the best exercises is swimming.2. 作定语时的区别我在回答中已经解释了. 动名词作定语时,表示它所修饰的名词的性能和用途,和它所修饰的名词在逻辑上没有主谓关系;现在分词作定语时,表示它所修饰的名词正在进行的动作,和它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系. a sleeping bag.(用途)=a bag for sleeping a sleeping child = a child is sleeping (child是sleep的主语,sleep是child发出的动作)至于不定式,在句中起着名词、形容词和副词的作用,可以担任除谓语以外的其它成份。2023-08-05 23:02:434
动词不定式与动名词做定语时有什么区别?
不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别 (1)不定式作定语 1)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系 He was the last one to leave school yesterday.昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。 The train to arrive was from London.将要到站的火车是从伦敦开来的。 2)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是动宾关系 Get him something to eat.给他拿点儿东西吃。 She has a lot of work to do in the morning.早上他有很多工作要做。 3)不及物动词构成的不定式做定语,要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系,这里的介词不能省去。 I need a pen to write with.我需要一支笔写字。 There is nothing to worry about.没有什么值得发愁的。 4)不定式修饰一些表示方向、原因、时间、机会、权利等抽象名词如: ability能力,本领 drive赶,驾驶 movement运动,活动 ambition抱负,野心 effort努力,尝试 need需要,需求 campaign战役,运动 failure失败,不及格 opportunity机会 chance机会 force力,压力,要点 promise许诺,希望 courage勇气 intention意向,意图 reason理由,原因 decision决定 method方法,方式 light光,光线,亮光 determination决心,决定 motive动机,目的 struggle奋斗,努力, tendency倾向,趋势 wish希望,愿望,祝愿 5)被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next, second, last, only和not a,the等限定词时候,只能用不定式。 6)不定代词something, nothing, little, much, a lot 等习惯上用不定式做定语。 John will do anything but work on a farm.除了农活,约翰什么都愿意干。 7)如果其动词要求用不定式做宾语,或者其形容词要器接不定式做补语,则相应的名词一般用不定式做定语。如: tend to do---tendency to do;decide to do = decision to do;be curious to do = curiosity to do His wish to buy a car came true.他要买辆车的愿望实现了。 Their decision to give up the experiment surprised us. 他们放弃这个实验的决定使我们大吃一惊。 He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 他总是第一个到来,最后一个离去。 (2)分词作定语 分词作定语时有下面几个特点: 1)现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词一般表示被动含意。 2)现在分词表示正在进行,过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。 He rushed into the burning house.他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。 The child standing over there is my brother.站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。 The room facing south is our classroom.朝南的房间是我们的教室。 Have you got your watch repaired? 你拿到那个修好的表了吗? He is an advanced teacher.他是个先进教师。 3)下列不及物动词也以过去分词形式做定语或表语,但不具有被动意义,这点要注意: departed, elapsed, faded, fallen, gone, frown-up, retired, returned, risen, set, vanished, much-traveled, newly-arrived, recently-come (3)不定式和分词作定语时的时间关系 一般来说,不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后;现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生;过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如: Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing? 你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗? Do you want to see the doctor working on the case report in the office? 你要见那位正在办公室里写病历的医生吗?2023-08-05 23:02:593